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When and where was Aristotle born?
384 B.C. in Thrace, Greece
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what subjects did Aristotle teach?
logic, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, biology, physics, astronomy, political theory economics, anatomy, metaphysical theory
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Aristotle was the most famous alumni of whose school?
Plato's Academy
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What book did Aristotle name after his son?
Nicomachean Ethics
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What is the name of Aristotle's most famous pupil?
Alexander the Great
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What did Alexander the Great get from his mentor Aristotle?
a passion for unity
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What was the name and nickname of Aristotle's school?
the Lyceum, "the peripatetic school"
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What happened to Aristotle toward the end of his life?
He was charged with impiety and forced to flee. One year later, he died of natural causes
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What word is used to describe Aristotle's view of Logic?
Organon
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What is the difference between an argument and a statement?
Arguments are valid or invalid. Statements may be true or false.
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The chief principle of logic is what?
law of non-contradiction
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In the Greek language what two ideas are connected in the term Aletheia?
truth and reality
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What concept did Aristotle develop that is vital to the understanding of language and knowledge?
categories
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What two ideas are associated with classification?
similarities and differences
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What are Aristotle's nine categories?
quantity, quality, relations, place, date, posture, possession, action, passivity
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What is the difference between the substance and accidens of a thing?
Substance is hte essential nature of things while its accidens are its external, perceivable qualities
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In what way did Aristotle break with his teacher Plato?
He did not think there was an ideal realm where forms exist independently. Only combined as form and matter
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Explain Aristotle's notion of "entelechy."
It is the form of things. It determines what things become.
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What are Aristotle's four causes that produce change in things?
- Formal, determines what a thing is
- Material, that out of which a thing's made
- Efficient, that by which a thing's made
- Final, that for which a thing's made
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What was Aristotle's answer to the problem of infinite regress?
actuality must precedce potentiality, the concept of unmoved mover
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logos
use of logic or reasoning in order to persuade; can you logically persuade someone of something
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ethos
capitalizing on one's reputation of being capable and virtuous; convincing the audience you have their best interests at heart; likeability factor
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pathos
playing upon the emotions of the audience
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three divisions of oratory
- political
- forensic
- the ceremonial oratory of display
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legislative/political
speeches by politicians; what needs to be done (future)
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forensic
speeches by lawyers; has a crime taken place (past)
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epideictic (ceremonial)
speeches by preachers, advocates, and during ceremonies (present)
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