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brand name
The proprietary, or trade of a drug as copyrighted by the manufacturer.
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chemical name
Name, usually long and often complicated, describing main chemical content of a drug
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Drug Enforcement Agancy DEA
The federal agency that issues narcotic and hypnotic licenses to physicians
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generic name
The established, official , or nonproprietary name by which a drug is known as an isolated substance irrespective of its manufacturer
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official name
The Food and Drug Administration's established name of a drugp; AKA "generic name" or "established name"
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pharmaceutical
Relating to pharmacy, drugs, and medicine
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Pharmacist
A person skilled in the art of practice of preparing, preserving, compounding, and dispensing drugs; a druggist ; an apothecary
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Physicians' Desk Reference PDR
A reference book used by physicians and medical assistants to find information about prescription drugs; it contains those drugs submitted to the publisher by drug companies.
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prescription
A medical preparation compounded according to directions written by a physician to a pharmacist and consisting of four parts; superscription; inscription, subscription, and signature.
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analgesic
a drug given to relieve pain without loss of consciousness
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anesthetic
a drug that causes loss of sensation and insensibility to pain or touch. a "general anesthetic" produces insensibility to pain in all parts of the body and unconsciousness. a "local anesthetic" produces insensiblity to pain at the site of application.
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antacid
a drug that neutralizes acidity, expecially in the digestive tract
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antibiotic
a drug used to kill living microorganisms that cause infection
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anticoagulant
a drug used to prevent blood clotting
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anticonvulsant
a drug that relieves or prevents convulsions
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antidepressant
a drug used to relieve syptoms of depression. antipsychotic drugs, antianxiety agents, psychomotor stimulants and lithium also treat depression
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antiemetic
a drug that prevents or relieves vomiting
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antihistamine
a drug used to treat allergy symptoms
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anti-inflammatory
a drug used to reduce or relieve inflammation; may be a steroid or non-steroid agent.
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antipyretic
a drug given to reduce fever
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antiseptic
a substance that prevents the growth or arrests the development of microrganisms
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antitussive
a drug used to relieve a cough
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astringent
a substance that produces shrinkage of mucous membranes or other tissues and decreases secretion
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bronchodilator
a drug used to dilate bronchial tubes
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carminative
a drug that expels flatus [gas] from the stomach and the intestines
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cathartic
a drug that increases and hastens the evacuation of the bowel; a laxative
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coagulant
a drug or substance that causes blood or fluid to clot
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contraceptive, oral
a drug that prevents conception; commonly known as "the pill"
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decongestant
a drug that decreases congestion or swelling
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disinfectant
a substance that destroys bacteria on objects, places, and materials; not used on the living body because of capacity to destroy living tissue as well.
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diuretic
a drug that increases the excretion of uring
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emetic
a drug that causes vomiting
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expectorant
a drug used to increase secretion and aid in expelling mucus from the respiratory tract, or to modify suc secretions
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hemostatic
a drug used to check bleeding
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hypnotic
a drug that produces sleep; a soporific
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laxative
a mild cathartic that produces one or two bowel movements without discomfort
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miotic
a drug that causes the pupil of the eye to contract
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mydriatic
a drug that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate
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narcotic
a drug that relieves pain and produces sleep or stupor
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ointment
a soft, fatty substance having soothing or healing action
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placebo
an inactive preparation given in place of an actual drug to gratify the patient or as a control in pharmaceutical studies of drugs
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prophylactic
a drug that prevents the development of a disease, such as a vaccine, a bitamin, a hormone, or an immunologic preparation
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sedative
a drug that exerts a sooting or tranquilizing effect; a tranquilizer
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solution
a liquid of ingredients dissolved evenly
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stimulant
a drug that temporarily increases activity or hastens actions in the body or any of its organs
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suspension
a preparation with undissolved ingredients that must be shaken well befor using
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therapeutic drugs
drugs administered to combat a specific disorder
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tranquilizer
a drug that reduces anxiety without clouding consciousness; a sedative
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vaccine
a suspension of infectious agents or some part of them used to convey resistance to infectious disease
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vasconstrictor
a drug that causes constriction fo blood vessels
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vasodilator
a drug that causes dilation of blood vessels
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inhalation
the act of drawing air or other substances into the lungs by breathing; medication administration by means of a special apparatus such as an inhalator, vaporizer, atomizer, nebulizer, intermittent positive pressure machine, or respirator
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injection
the act of forcing liquid into a body part; medication administration either directly into th elbood stream or into the tissues; for example by intra-articular injection, intradermal injection, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, or subcutaneous injection.
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inunction
the act of applying an ointment with friction [i.e. rubbing it into the skin for absorption]
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oral
pertaining to the mouth; describing medications given by mouth, wich may be either liquid or solid in the form of tablets, pills, capsules, or lozenges. capsules and pills are swallowed and absorbed in the digestive tract. lozenges are dissolved in the mouth to be absorbed by the body. medication held under the tongue or absorption is called sublingual; that held between the tongue and cheek is called buccal.
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parenteral
describing all methods of giving medication by menas of a needle of cannula introduced through the skin
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rectal
pertaining to the rectum; describing medication given via the rectum, as suppositories dissolved and absorbed by the mucous membranes of the rectum
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topical
pertaining to a particular surface area; describing substances applied to the skin, such as unguents, ointments, creams, sprays, emulsions, powders, plaster, liniments, or liquids for washing.
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transdermal
delivering medication through the skin by means of a dosage-regulator membrane [patch]; AKA transcutaneous delivery
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vaginal
pertaining to the vagina; describing medications given via the vagina
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