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"Captive Greece took captive her rude conqueror." Explain the meaning of this statement by the Roman poet Horace with reference to both the Roman conquest of Greece and the Greek conquest of Rome.
The question will list 5 of the nine areas that appear on the lecture outline on Greco-Roman Civilization under the heading "The Greek Conquest of Rome," and will ask you to give a specific example of how each area illustrates that conquest. Show how both conquests contributed to the emergence of a unified Greco-Roman civilization.
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"Captive Greece took captive her rude conqueror." Explain the meaning of this statement by the Roman poet Horace
- -Horace in this statement is referring to 2 conquests.
- -1 is a usual conquest; one country conquered another or military conquest. 2 is a cultural conquest
- -"captive greece" and "her RUDE conqueror". Rome is the rude conqueror.
- rude as Horace uses it means uncivilized. -Horace was Roman too. Describing his own city as uncivilized Horace is emphasizing rome's cultural inferiority or almost no culture at all
- -the 2nd conquest is cultural.
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with reference to both the Roman conquest of Greece and the Greek conquest of Rome
- referring to the part in the quote of "captive greece" Military conquest
- Southern Italy and Sicily is Rome's first point of contact with greeks. turning point is when Rome conquers the Hellenistic East: Macedonia, Greece
- "rude conqueror" is Rome. Greece conquers Rome culturally because Rome starts imitating Greek culture
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The question will list five of the nine areas that appear on the lecture outline on Greco-Roman Civilization
- Writing
- Religion
- Art
- Education
- Drama
- Epic Poetry
- Philosophy
- Biography
- History
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and will ask you to give a specific example of how each area illustrates that conquest.
- Writing: Greek and Roman alphabets. Romans adapted the Greek alphabet to the Latin language. Romans learned to write from the Greeks
- Religion: Romans develp pantheons (group of gods) based on Greek pantheons. Adapted their own gods to the gods in Homer's Illiad. Ex: Greek Apollo = Roman Apollo. Greek Eros = Roman Cupid
- Art: Romans copied classical sculpture and architechure from the Greeks. Ex. Columns, Roman copies of Greek sculpture
- Drama: Romans copied Greek dramas. They used comedies and satires, greek masks, greek settings, and most of all greek plots such as comedy of mistaken identity. "The Clouds" and "Menaechmi"
- Epic Poetry: Roman "Aeneid" is based on Greek Illiad and Odyssey. Virgil took the character Aeneid from from Homer's poem and used the existing myth of Romulus and Remus to write an epic poem of the founding of Rome.
- Biography: Plutarch and "Parallel Lives" This guy wrote a book where he paired Greek figures to Roman figures. This showed that the civilization of Roman empire was a partnership between Greece and Rome
- History: Polybius' History of Rome reflects 2 things. 1. The Greek influence on Rome. See in how Scipio the Roman general was a member of a club that loved Greek culture. Spoke greek, read greek, dressed greek etc. AND 2. the classical view of history. Scipio was quoting the Greek epic poem from the Illiad about Troy burning while he watched Carthage burn.
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2 most important areas
- Philosophy:
- Romans loved Stoicism because it applied to their multicultural lifestytle. 4 parts of Stoicism: Reason, Natural Law, Universalism, God.
- Reason: all humans have reason. Natural Law: the unwritten law that underlies all laws. It is the source of moral principles and is known through reason. Universalism:* all humans belong to a single world community because they share the capacity to reason. God: the existance of a single, impersonal god.
- Education:
- Romans recognized the superiority of Greek education and wanted teachers. The Greek slaves they took when they conquered Greece were usually highly educated. Romans would have Greek slaves teacher their children. Proof of this is in Cato the Elder's writings, warning that Greek tutors will corrupt the Roman youth.
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