Chapter 26.txt

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine and lg intestine

salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

increased caries and tooth loss, decreased sense of taste, decreased gag reflex, decreased muscle tone at sphincters, decreased gastric secretions, decreased peristalsis

protein, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals, water

animal sources

plant sources (soybeans)

6 oz every day

2 � cups

2 cups

3 cups

5 � oz

less than 300 mg per day

less than 2300 mg per day

46-56 g per day

illness and rapid tissue growth (pregnancy and lactation)

0.8 g per kg

lacto-ovo-dairy, eggs, plany; lactoveg-no eggs; vegan-no animal sources, including honey

4 calories per gram

simple(ose sugars), complex (bread, pasta, etc), fiber 21-38 g per day

9 calories per gram

source of fatty acids, adds flavor/texture, dissolves and transports fat soluble vitamins and nutrients, insulates and controls body temp, makes food smell good, cushions body organs, facilitaites nerve transmissions, gives feeling of fullness after eating

linoleic (corn, safflower, sunflower oils), oleic (olive oil and beef), linolenic (green leafy veg, walnuts, pecans, soybean products)

A, D, E, K

proper muscle and nerve function and act as catalysts for many cellular functions; acid/base balance

maintain rigidity and strength in teeth and bones, facilitate contraction and relaxation of muscles, assist in blood clotting and tissue repair and growth

output plus 500ml

weight should double and end of first year, birth weight should triple

normal 18.5-24.9; <18.5 underweight; 25 and 29.9 overweight, above 30 obese, above 40 morbidly obese