-
Prunus (cherries, peaches, almonds, apricots) b. Pomes (apples, pears) c. Grasses (Johnson grass, Sudan grassSorghums, corn) d. Elderberry Sambucus e. Birdsfoot trefoil, white clover, vetch f. Eucalyptus sp.
bright red cherry blood; almond smell, acute death
- Cyanide
- Rx w/ Na-nitrite and thiosulfate
-
Increase in prothrombin time
Clot factors 1, 2, 7 , 9 ,10
- Rotendicide
- Rx with Vit K1
-
Calcium oxalate crystals in renal tubules plus some neuro effects.
- Ethylene glycol
- Rx with 4MP or alcohol
- Na bicarb to correct metabolic acidosis
-
OVERSTIMULATION c. Drool, miosis, vom, diarrhea, tremors, szrs ; anti-cholinesterase toxin
- OPP: rx with 2PAM + emetic and atropine
- Carbamate: rx with atropine
-
Basophillic stapling in some RBCs
acute toxicity in young animals; mostly dogs and cattle
Gastroenteritis and neuro signs
- Lead toxicosis
- Rx w/ Ca-EDTA to chelate + thiamine
-
Amaranthus, Avena sativa ( oats), Beta vulgaris (beets) Chenopodium album (lambs quarter), Sorghum, Zea mays (corn), rye alfalfa
DARK CHOCOLATE-BROWN blood
dyspnea, tremors, ataxia, tachycardia
- Nitrates
- Ocular fluids to test for nitrates
- RX: Methylene blue , charcoal lavage
-
Aflatoxins
- hepatotoxic, carginogenic
- young animals mostly
-
Ergot
- Agalactia
- Periph vasoconstriction, lameness- dry gangrene of extremities
-
Zearlorone
reproductive disorders; Fusarium
-
Facial eczema (pithomycotoxicosis)
Sporodesmins
Pithomyces
- HEPATIC damage w 2ndary photosens,
- . Failure to excrete phylloerythrin in bile czs photosensitization
-
Rhizoctonia leguminicola (“Black patch” dz
Slaframine, swainsonineiv.
- Profuse salivation
- Tx with atropine
-
Lupines.
- Hepatic injury- photosensitizationiii.
- Icterus, copious transudates
-
High ph in rumen, (> 7.5) in recently dead cow highly suggestivef.
“Bovine Bonkers” wild agitation, tremors
- Ammonia toxicosis. non protein nitrogen
- Rx w cold water in rumen, acetic acid
-
Senecio (tansy ragwort, groundsel, Crotalariab. Amsinckia intermedia (fiddleneck), Symphytum (comfrey)
- Pyrrilizodline alkaloids
- icterus, depression, anorexiaf.
- “Walking dz” – due to hepatic encephalopathy
-
Mercury toxicity accumulates in brain kidneys +/- muscle
- CNS stimulation, cerebellar ataxia, hypermetria
- Tx = chelation therapy, DMSA or dimercaprol
-
Peat scours or teart- liquid feces with gas bubbles; unthriftiness; decreased fertility
Spectacles
Molybdenum
-
Sorghum = fescue
- altered peripheral circulation
- dry gangrene of extremities adn bovine fat necrosis
-
Strychnine = indole alkaloid
- competitively inhibits glycine (inhibitory nt); stiff, tetanic, seizures, death by asphyxiation
- Tx: pentabarb, emesis, charcoal
-
Sweet clover-- forms toxic dicoumarol --> interpheres with clotting
tx with vit K1
-
Blue green algae
- neurotoxic alkaloids
- Tx = CuSO4
-
Arsenic
- GI tract, cardiovasc effects
- test stomach contents
- tx with DMSA
-
Sensitivity
- a/ a+ c
- trust a negative test
-
Specificity
- d/ d+ b
- trust a positive test
-
-
-
Philodenrons/ calla lillies
toxic to kidneys ; causes oral tissues and swellings
-
Easter and tiger lillies
acute vomiting, tremors, ataxia
-
Femoral nerve damage: what is seen
L4-L6
- no patellar reflex
- non weight bearing
- UMN bladder paralysis- incontinence;
- increased anal tone
-
Sciatic nerve damage L7-S1
- UMN bladder paralysis; incontinence with increase anal tone
- No intact withdrawl reflex
- Has patellar reflex and can bear weight
-
T3- L3 lesions cause?
- hypertonis and proprioceptive defects
- normal ro increase anal tone/reflex
-
Cauda Equina syndrome
- pain in LS area +/- urine/fecal incontinence
- SELF MUTILATION
-
PIGS- age group?
a. Cl. prefringes C
IBrhinitis
b. Rota virus
c. psuedo rabies ?
- a. 1-3 days
- b. up to 3 weeks
- c. < 7 days
-
-
PIGS
TGE,
Haemagglutation encephalomyelitis
< 4 weeks/ 1 month
-
PIGS
ETEC
encephalomyocarditis
piglets and neonatal
-
PIGS
brachyspria
6- 20 weeks
-
PIGS
Edema, Rota
post weaners
-
PIGS
lawsonia
acute septic erysipellas
PPE
swine dysentery
growing, finishing
-
PIGS
Intestinal voluvulus
4-6 months
-
PIGS
PEE
Salmonella
Poricein epidemic diarrhea d/t corona virus
All ages
-
Oleander
cardiac glycoside
-
Foxglove; lilly of the valley; Yew; Axalea (Rhodeodendron)
- cardiotoxic; cardiac glycosides
- Atropine, isoproterenol,
-
Crooked Calf syndrome; teratogen in cattle and not sheep;
Lupine; no spf treatment
-
Poison hemlock with no treatment
salivation, vomiting, D, muscle tremors, death from respiratory failure
-
Braken Fern: thiaminase
- Polioencephalomalacia
- bone marrow suppresion and carcinogencity
-
Cottonseed: gossypol
Castor bean
- Gossypol = cardiotoxic esp in young; sudden death, red urine
- Castor = extensive organ edema and damage; toxic glycoprotein
-
Loco weed = Astragalus, oxytropis
Waterhemlock
- Loco - abortions/teratogenn- cracking heels, proprioceptive deficits
- Water-- acute violent tetanic seizures
-
yellow star thistle
nigropallidal encephalomalacia in horses
-
Veratrum
teratogenic effects
-
Red Maple
Ponderosa pine
RBC lysis in horses
Pine needle abortion
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