Bacterial genetics.txt

DNA isolated broken into pieces and DONOR DNA is taken up by recipient strain

• requires presence of F factor: F+ strains have the F factor (plasmid), F- strains do NOT
• Hfr Strains: have the F factor present INTEGRATED into host chromosome

Allow different bacterial strains to mate for different times and then plate on agar. Hfr bac are selected against (killed) and F- will grow. The F- are examined for transfer markers…the markers are transferred as time continues and the transfer is measured in MINUTES

Contains the F factor along with some of the DNA from the bacterial cell's genome

• Partial diploid
• Occurs when the F+ cell inserts into the bacterial chromosome, now becoming the Hfr cell. Then this F is excised and some of the bacterial genome is taken along with it…this new plasmid is now F'. Now this F' inserts into an F- cell and this cell is now a partial diploid

• discovered "One gene-one enzyme" by working with Neurospora fungus on bread. Discovered 3 different sets of this fungus that some were able to perform some different biosynthesis of arginine
• Complementation testing helped to see which mutants were the same and which were different

• 1. Easy to grow
• 2. Short generation time
• 3. Cross easily
• 4. Single colonies grow into colonies containing 10^7 cells
• 5. prokaryotes

• nutritional markers: normal back can make cell components on minimal media, but MUTANTS lack ability to synth some compounds, but will grow ONLY if compound is supplied
• prototroph: back can grow on minimal media w/salts & glucose
• auxotroph: mutant LACKS availability to make 1 or more nutrients, NEEDS growth nutrients supplied

• if GROWTH on plate w/amp for example, then this mutation is ampR
• if NO Growth, then mutation is ampS (or WT)

if Growth with media containing trp+, but NOT on plate w/minimal media, then mutant is trp-

• Glycine
• H
• +H2N-C-COO-
• H