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Asthma
is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
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status asthmaticus
a severe life threatening asthma attack that is refractory to usual treatment and places the pt at risk for developing respiratory failure.
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Early asthma attack
- pH is up
- PaCO2 is down
- PaO2 is down
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Prolonged attack, status asthmaticus
- pH is down
- PaCO2 is up
- PaO2 is down
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Long term control Meds
- Corticosteroids(inhaled or oral)
- Comolyn(Intal) and nedocromil(Tilade)
- Leukotriene modifiers
- Omalizumab(Xolair)
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Bronchodilators
- Long-acting inhaled B2 adrenergic agonists
- Long-acting oral B2 adrenergic agonists
- Theophylline
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Quick Relief Meds
Bronchodilators
- Short acting inhaled B2 adrenergic agonists
- Anticholinergics(inhaled)
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Antiinflammatory Drugs
- Corticosteroids (systemic)
- are used for prophylaxis of chronic asthma
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albuterol(B2adrenergic agonist drug)
short acting, inhaled are most effective for relieving acute bronchospasm
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Advair Diskus
adding an inhaled corticosteroid to an inhaled long acting B2adrenergic agonist results in improved lung function, decreased noctural asthma, decreased need for short acting B2adrenergic agonists, decreased asthma symptoms and reduced number of exacerbations. Pts should receive this combination drug only if they are not responding to low or medium doses of inhaled corticosteroids.
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COPD (chronic obstrucitve pulmonary disease
is a preventable and treatable disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.
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Chronic Bronchitis
is the presence of chronic productive cough for 3mo. in each of 2 consecutive yrs in a pt in whom other causes of chronic cough have been excluded.
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Emphysema
is an abnormal permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
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Cor Pulmonale
is hypertrophy of the right side of the heart, with or without heart failure, resulting from pulmonary hypertension.
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Spiriva (Tiotropium)
long acting anticholinergic therapy for COPD to help with bronchospasm and dyspnea
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Bronchiectasis
permanent abbnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi. It reduces the ability to clear mucus from the lungs and decreased expiratory airflow.
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Cystic Fibrosis
autosomal recessive, mulitsystem disease characterized by altered function of the exocrine glands primarily involving the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands. Sweat glands excrete increased amounts of sodium and chloride. Obstructive pulmonary disorder
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