14.3 nerve structures and related terms

neurons that conduct impulses from sense organs to spinal cord and brain

long nerve cell process carrying impulses from cell body

side branches of axon

neurons in which dendrites and axons are connected to other neurons

numerous short nerve cell processes that conduct nerve impulses toward cell body

part of spinal nerve that enters dorsal portion of spinal cord, carrying afferent impulses from periphery toward spinal cord

motor neurons that convey impulses from brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands

mass of nerve cells located OUTSIDE brain and spinal cord that serves as center for nerve impuses

also called connector neurons, a neuron that transmits impulses from sensory to motor neurons or to other interneurons in the central nervous system

a spinal reflex initiated by tapping the patellar ligament, causing the leg to extend

neurons serving muscle or glands

nerves covered with sheath of white fatty material called myelin

the insulating envelope of myelin that surrounds a nerve fiber and facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses

a bundle of nerve fibers

the dendrites and axons of a neuron

white, glistening, cordlike bundle formed by nerve fibers bound together by connective tissue

tubelike membrane covering nerve fibers, which may or may not be myelinated (also neurolemma or sheath of Schwann)

single nerve cell with cell body, axon and dendrites; structural unit of nervous system

receptor for pain

nerve fibers that have only a thin coating of myelin surrounding them

interlacing network of spinal nerves in several areas of body

any sensory nerve endings tht give information about movements and position of body

constriction of the pupil of the eye in response to light

interruption or constriction in myelin sheath at regular intervals

organs of sensation

an involuntary response to a stimulus

the path of a reflex, involving at least two neurons over which impulses are conducted from a receptor to the brain or spinal cord and then to an effector

peripheral nerves that conduct afferent impulses from sese organs to spinal cord

the body of a cell

the simplest type of reflex, one whose arc passes through he spinal cord but not the brain

microscopic space between axon of one neuron and dendrites of another across which impulse is transmitted (synapse means connection)

peripheral nerve endings

neuronal axons grouped together to form a pathway

part of spinal nerve that emerges from ventral portion of spinal cord, carrying efferent impulses from spinal cord to muscles or organs