A Tour of the Cell

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Cell Theory
- All organisms are made of cells
- The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive
- Cell structure is correlated to cellular function
- All cells are related by their descent from earlier cells
Magnification (light microscopy)

Ratio of an object's image size to its real size
Resolution (light microscopy)

the measure of clarity of image, or minimum distance of two distinguishable points
Contrast

Visible diff. in parts of the sample
Fluorescent dyes/antibodies for staining specimens

Helps greater contrast betwn. diff. parts
Scanning Electron Microscopes vs. Transmission
- Micrographs taken show a 3-D image of surface of a specimen (SEM)
- Shows surface better (SEM)
- TEM profiles thin section of a specimen
Cell fractionation
- Takes cells apart and separates major organelles from one anotherC
- entrifuges fractionate cells into their component parts
- Cell fractionation enables scientists to determine functions of organelles
- Biochemistry and cytology help correlate cell function w/ structure
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
- Plasma membrane
- Semifluid substance called cytosol
- Chromosomes (carry genes)
- Ribosomes (make proteins)
- Prokaryotic are characterized by having
- No nucleus
- DNA in an unbound region - nucleoid
- No membrane-bound organelles
- Cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane
- Eukaryotic cells and characterized by having:
- DNA in a nucleus that is bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope
- Membrane-bound organelles
- Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus

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A Tour of the Cell

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Updated

2011-11-04T19:54:33Z

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