micro 251 csn chap 13

transmitted human to human,directly or indirectly. HIV, influenza

animal transmitted examples lymes, rabies

not transmitted person to person botulism,tetanus

become normal flora

physical interaction conalize,infect,disease

penatrate defenses and multiply(oppertunist pathagen)

causes change in host,tissue death,shock,intoxication,abnormal immune response

can result in no disease but transmits

normal flora

when they take over and r not kept in check when other bacteria r killed

natural to place

scattered instances

widespread

whole world

any disease producing organism

number infected

serverity/fatal case

capable of causing infection

gram negative release at death,target non specific tissue,weak unless endotoxin(sepsis)

positive and negative,secrected externally,highly toxic(cyto,neuro,enter)targets heart nerve,muscle,gi examples are diphtheria,tetanus,botulism, toxic shock syndrom

help pathogens enter by clearing path,kinase(breaks fiber cllots), coagolase(forms fibrin clots),hyaloronidase(breaks down tissur cement)

bacteria capsules,anti-phag-chem,leukokins kill wbcs, some prevent fusion

colonises(biofilm),binding specific receptors, pili, glycocalyx(capsule),hooks spikes flagella

rapit onset,short

asymptomatic

organisms flares up ar various times not cleared, continus damage,probably infectious

no outward expression of disease: reaction may occur:may be infectious

more than one microbe

ex boil ringworm, inflammation,fever,pain,edema,redness,exudate

fever,pain;change in heartrate,blood pressure; toxcity,sepsis; change in rbc,wbc count

skin,mucus membranes(gi,respiratory,urogenital,)placenta,parenteral(peircing skin or mucus membranes

endogenous(from inside) ex normal mmicrobiota or carrier

ear,mouth,skin,anus,genitals,nose

contact direct skin,sexual,droplets) indirect blood,fomite fluid

contaminated air (droplet nuclei)

dependent on biology of vector or animal and organism

veicle of tramission ex human mosquito

coming from inside ex tb c diff

an infection that develops from bacteria normally outside the body that have gained access to the body.

• arthropods-transmit to humans-malaria and lyme disease
• mechanical-not infected but carry insect feet,hair

• animal infection spread to humans:
• make up &)percent of all emerging diseases worldwide-rabies,ebola virus,hantavirus

nonliving, on toilet seats, bandages,utensils,surgical intruments

carry one patient to another

shedding during recovery(chicken pox)

never clear,but may be no signs(HCV,HBV,HIV<herpies...etc may lead to cancer