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Retailing
all the activities directly related to the sale of g/s to the ultimate consumer for personal, nonbusiness use
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Independent Retailers
retailers owned by a single person or partnership and not operated as part of a larger retail institution
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Chain Stores
stores owned and operated as a group by a single organization
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Franchise
the right to operate a bix or to sell a product
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How to Classify a Retail Establishment
- ownership
- level of service
- product assortment
- price
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Gross Margin
the amount of money the retailer makes as a percentage of sales after the COGS is subtracted
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Department Stores
- a store housing several departments under one roof
- ex: Dillard's, Nordstrom, Macy's
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Buyer
a dept head who selects the merchandise for his or her dept and may also be responsible for promotion and personnel
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Specialty Stores
- a retail store specialiing in a given type of merchandise
- offers more attentive customer service
- ex: children's clothing, pet supplies, baked goods
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Supermarket
large, departmentalized, self-service retailer that specializes in food and some nonfood items
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Scrambled Merchandising
the tendency to offer a wide variety of nontraditional g/s under one roof
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Drugstore
a retail store that stocks pharmacy-related products and services as its main draw
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Convenience Store
- a miniature supermarket, carrying only a limited line of high-turnover convenience goods
- prices are higher than supermarket due to convenience
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Discount Store
a retailer that competes on the basis of low prices, high turnover, and high volume
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Categories of Discount Stores
- Full-line Discounters
- Specialty Discount Stores
- Warehouse Clubs
- Off-price Discount Retailers
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Full-line Discount Store
- retailer that offers consumers very limited service and carries a broad assortment of well-known, nationally branded "hard goods"
- ex: Walmart
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Mass Merchandising
a retailing strategy using moderate to low prices on large quantities of merchandise and lower levels of service to stimulate high turnover of products
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Supercenter
a retail store that combines groceries and general merchandise goods with a wide range of services
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Specialty Discount Store
a retail store that offers a nearly complete selection of single-line merchandise and uses self-service, discount prices, high volume and high turnover
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Category Killers
- specialty discount stores that heavily dominate their narrow merchandise segment
- ex: Best Buy in electronics, IKEA in furniture, etc
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Warehouse Membership Clubs
limited-service merchant wholesalers that sell a limited selection of brand name appliances, household items, and groceries on a cash-and-carry basis to members, usually small businesses and groups
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Off-Price Retailer
- a retailer that sells at prices 25% or more below traditional dept store prices because it pays cash for its stock and usually doesn't ask for return privileges
- ex: Ross, TJ Maxx, etc
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Factory Outlet
an off-price retailer that is owned and operated by a manufacturer
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Nonstore Retailing
shopping without visiting a store
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Types of Nonstore Retailing
- automatic vending
- direct retailing
- direct marketing
- electronic retailing
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Automatic Vending
the use of machines to offer goods for sale
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Direct Retailing
the selling of products by representatives who work door-to-door, office-to-office or at home sales parties
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Direct Marketing (direct response marketing)
techniques used to get consumers to make a purchase from their home, office, or other nonretail setting
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Online Retailing
a type of shopping available to consumers with personal computers and access to the internet
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Franchisor
the originator of a trade name, product, methods of operation, and so on that grants operating rights to another party to sell its product
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Franchisee
an individual or biz that is granted the right to sell another party's product
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2 Forms of Franchising
- product & trade name - dealer agrees to sell certain products provided by a manufacturer or wholesaler
- business format
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Retailing Mix
combo of the six Ps - product, place, promotion, price, presentation & personnel - to sell g/s to the ultimate consumer
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Product Offering
mix of products offered to the consumer by the retailer; also called the product assortment or merchandise mix
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Destination Stores
stores that consumers purposely plan to visit
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Factors in Creating a Store's Atmosphere
- employee type & density
- merchandise type & density
- fixture type & density
- sound
- odors
- visual factors
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