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APHAKIA
An absence of the crystalline lens of the eye!
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ANTIMETROPIA
Is the opposite refractive errors in the two eyes.
one plus...one minus
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ANISOMETROPIA
- A condition in which the refractive error of one eye significalntly differs from that of the other eye, each eye must have same sign, ie both eyes are myopic or hyperopic.
- -6.00 OD
- -1.00 OS
- one eye is a lot stronger than the other!
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ANISEIKONIA
A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye differs so much in size or shape from that seen by the other eye that the two images cannot be fused into a single impression.
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AMETROPIA
A refractin error in which the eye, when in a state of rest, does not focus the image of an object upon the retina: includes hyperopia, myopis, and astigmatism.
ANYTHING NOT PERFECT!
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AMBLYOPIA
The loss of vision without any apparent desease of the eye.
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ACCOMMODATION
Focusing of the eye on a near object through relaxation of the ciliary muscle and thickening of the lens.
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AQUEOUS HUMAR
The clear watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers within the front part of the eye.
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ASTHEMOPIA
Defined as discomfort, eye strain or tired eyes!
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ASTIGMATISM
- A refractive error that prevents the light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina because of different degrees of refraction in the various medidians of the eye.
- Without a point!
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CATARACT
A condition in which the crystalline lens of the eye, or its capsule, or both, become opaque, with conseqent loss of visual acuity!
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CHOROID
The vascular intermediate coat that furnishes nourishment to other parts of the eye ball!
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CILIARY BODY
That portion of the vascular coat between the iris and the choroid. It consist of ciliary processes and the ciliary muscle!
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COMPOUND HYPEROPIC ASTIGMATISM
The refractive error which results in two points of focus behind the retina!
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COMPOUND MYOPIC ASTIGMATISM
The refractive error which results in two points of focus falling in front of the retina!
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CORNEA
The clear transparent portion of the outer coat of the eye ball forming the covering of the aqueous chamber!
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CRYSTALLINE LENS
A transparent colorless body suspended in the front part of the eyeball, between the aqueous and the vitreous, the function of which is to bring the rays of light to a focus on the retina!
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DIPLOPIA
The seeing of one object as two!
Double vision
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EMMETROPIA
The refractive condition of the normal eye-when the eye is at rest, the image of distant objects is brought to a focas on the retina!
PERFECT VISION!!!
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FUSION
The power of coordination by which the image received by the two eyes become a single image!
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FOVEA
A small depression in the retina at the back of the eye: the part of the macula adapted for most acute vision.
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GLAUCOMA
An ocular disease having as its primary characteristic a sustained increase in intraocular pressure that the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of it function!
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IRIS
The colored circular membrane suspended behind the cornia and immediately in front of the lens. The iris regulates the amount of light entering the eye by changing the size of the pupil!
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HYPEROPIA
A refractive error in which, because the eyeball is short or the refractive power of the lens is weak, the point of focus fo rrays of light from distant objects falls hehind the retina: accomadation to increase the refractive power of the lens is necessary for distance vision as well as near vision!
FARSIGHTED!!
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IRREGULAR ASTIGMATISM
A refractive condition caused by a cornea which is damaged andirregular so that rays of light come to many focal points on the retina; is not correctable by cylinders!
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ISEIKONIC LENS
Spectacle lenses specially designed to manipulate image size when dissimilar sizes makes it difficult or impossible for fusion to occur, such as in aniseikonia!
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MACULA
The small area of the retina that surrounds the fovea and that with the fovea, comprises the area of the retina that gives distinct vision!
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MIXED ASTIGMATISM
The refraction condition in which light comes to two points of focus where one point is in front of the retina and the other is behind the retina!
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MYOPIA
A refractive error in which the eyeball is too long in relation to its focusing power, thus the point of focus for rays of light from distant objects is in front of the retina!
NEARSIGHTEDNESS!!!
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OPTIC NERVE
The special nerve of the sense of sight that carries impulses from the retina to the brain!
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PHORIA
- A root word denoting a laten deciation in which the eyes have a constant tendency to turn from normal position for binocular vision; used with a prefix to indicate the direction of such devation.
- Hyperphoria, esophoria, exophoria
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PRESBYOPIA
The gradual lessening of the power af accommodation due to physiologic change that becomes noticeable about the age of 40!
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PTOSIS CRUTCH
A small spring wire attached nasally to a spectacle frame to left a drooping lid!
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PUPIL
The central opening of the iris through which light is premitted to enter the eye!
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REGULAR ASTIGMATISM
A refractive condition in which rays of light come to two focal points andis correctable by cylinders!
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RETINA
Innermost coat of the eye, formed of sensitive nerve elements and conneted with the optic nerve!
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RODS AND CONES
- Two different kinds of cells that form a layer of the retina and act as light receiving media. Cones are converned with visual acuity and color discrimination; whereas rods are employed for motion and vision at low degree of illumination (night vision)
- CONES=COLOR
- RODS=NIGHT VISION
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SCLERA
The white part of the eye a tough covering which with the cornea forms an external protective coat of the eye!
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SCOTOMA
A blind area of reduced vision in the visual field!
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SIMPLE HYPEROPIC ASTIGMATISM
The refracative condition where one point of focus falls on teh retina and the other point of focas falls behind the retina!
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SIMPLE MYOPIC ASTIGMATISM
The refractive condition where one point of focus falls on the retina and the other point of focus falls in front of the retina!
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STABISMUS
- Failure of the two eyes to simultaniously direct thir gaze at the same object because of muscle imbalance.
- SQUINTING!
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SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS
The suspensory apparatus of the lens numerous fine tissue strands that stretch from the ciliary processes to the lens equator and support the lens in place!
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TROPIA
- A root word denoting an obvious deviation from normal of the axis of the eys; used with prefix to denote the type of strabismus!
- Heterotropia, esotropia, exotropia
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VITREOUS HUMAR
The transparent, colorless mass of soft, gelatinous material filling the eyeball behind the lens!
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