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Parasympathic Pre-ganglionic cell body
Vagus-Dorsal motor
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Parasympathetic Post-ganglionic cell body
wall of organ (Terminal Ganglion)
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Parasympathetic transmitters
Nicotinic receptor and Muscarinic receptor
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Function of parasympathetic dividsion
- decrease heart rate
- increase saliva-watery
- bronchoconstriction
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sympathetic pre-ganglionic cell body
IMC (intermediolateral cell column) T1-L2
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sympathetic post-ganglionic cell body
- Superior cervical ganglion
- sympathetic chain ganglion
- prevertebral ganglion (celiac, sup. mesenteric, inf. mesentaric)
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sympathetic transmitters
- Acetylcholine-pre-ganglionic (uses for sweat from parasympathetic)
- Norepinephrine-post. ganglionic)
- Alpha 1 receptor
- Beta 1 receptor
- Beta 2 receptor
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Sympathetic function
- increase heart rate
- decrease exocrine secretion
- Alpha 1: constriction-skin, GI tract, and skeletal muscle at rest; decrease water secretion, increase mucus
- Beta 2 receptor-vasodilation-skeletal muscle
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Where do fibers take gray ramus for sweating?
Spinal n.
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Where do fibers go for pupil dilation?
Takes internal carotid n. to cavernous sinus
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Each preganglionic fiber synapses with __________ postganglionic neurons
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Visceral branches to...
thoracic viscera
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Superior cervical n.
C1-C4
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Inferior Cervical n.
C7-T1
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What responds to ischemia and stretch of internal organs?
- Visceral afferents-get to sympathetic chain via a visceral branch
- Reaches spinal nerve in a white ramus (myelinated)
- cell body in dorsal root ganglion
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Vagus n. affect with referred pain
- No pain
- supplies visceral afferents
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Cardiac Plexus
- Superficial cardiac plexus
- Deep cardiac plexus
- Sympathetic fibers
- Parasympathetic fibers
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Superficial cardiac plexus
- ant. to arch of aorta
- receives left superior cervical sympathetic cardiac n. and left inferior cervical parasympathetic cardiac n.
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deep cardiac plexus
- ant. to tracheal bifurcation
- receives all cardiac contributions from sympathetic chain and vagus on right and all but two on the left
- includes visceral branches from first 4 sympathetic ganglia
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sympathetic fibers
postganglionic
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parasympathetic fibers
preganglionic-will synapse in wall of heart and lungs
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distribution of cardiac plexus
- predominatly to left heart from left side and vice versa but not exclusively
- fibers from both system to: SA and AV nodes, atria
- fibers from sympathetic system to: ventricles, coronary arteries (vasodilation)
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Pathway from plexus to heart follows
- Great vessels-leave cardiac sac-leave crevus to put n. fibers in
- dorsal mesentary (reflection of pericardium from posterior wall to left atrium)-used to be vertical now horizontal; attached to l. atrium in front of bifurcation of trachea
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What happens if heart loses n. supply?
- example-transplant
- it beats-SA and AV nodes automatic-do not need n. supply
- n. supply is essential for rapid changes in rate
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Does the heart regenerate?
- has been seen
- does not know if it hooks up functionally
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