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Two major categories of white blood cells
- Granulocytes
- Agranulocytes
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Three types of granulocytes
- Neutrophils
- Basophils
- Eosinophils
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Three types of Agranulocytes
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Macrophages
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Activated white blood cells
Phagocytes
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Five examples of phagocytes
- Neutrophils
- Monocytes
- Macrophages
- Dendritic Cells
- Mast Cells
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First defenders against bacterial invasion
Neutrophils
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Synthesize and store histamine and heparin
Basophils
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Prevents blood clotting
Heparin
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Killy by secreting toxic substances
Eosinophils
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Two types of Lymphocytes
T and B Cells
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Phagocytic cells found in the blood and are precursors to macrophages
Monocytes
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Large phagocytic cells found in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue
Macrophages
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Why is red bone marrow is classified as part of the lymphatic system?
Becuase it contains lymphocytes
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Simplest form of lymphatic tissue found on the connective tissue of mucous membranes of:
GI tract, respiratory passageways, urinary tract, and reproductive tract
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A protein produced by B cells in response to the presence of a specific antigen
Antibody
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Enhance phagocytosis, neutralize toxins, and protect fetus and newborns
IgG
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Provide localized protection on mucosal surfaces; levels decrease during stress
IgA
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Effective against microbes by causing lysis
IgM
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May be involved in stimulating antibody-producing cells
IgD
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Involved in allergic reactions
IgE
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Responsible for cellular immunity
T Cells
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Effective against fungi, parasites, intracellular viral infections, cancer cells, and tissue transplants
T Cells
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Cytotoxic T Cells also known as CD8+ T cells
Killer T Cell
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CD4+ T cells
Helper T Cell
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CD8+ Cells that dampen part of the immune response
Suppressor T Cell
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T cells that remain in lymph tissue
Memory T Cell
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What are B Cells responsible for?
Antibody-mediated immunity
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Naturally acquired passive immunity
- From mother to fetus by placenta
- From mother to child through breast milk
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Artificially acquired passive immunity
injected quickly after antigen exposure
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When some lymphocytes become sensitized aginst self tissue cells
Autoimmune Disorder
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Multiple Sclerosis
Crohn's Disease
Rheumatoid arthritis
These diseases are though to have an autoimmune component
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What are autoimmune disorders treated with?
Immunosupressors that suppress the immune system, so that the disease is restrained
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Refrigerated Storage Range
- 36 - 46 degrees Fahrenheit
- 2 - 8 degrees Celsius
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Frozen Storage Range
- -4 - 14 degrees Fahrenheit
- -20 to -10 degrees Celsius
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Room Storage Range
- 68 - 77 degrees Fahrenheit
- 20 to 25 degrees Celsius
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Administration of antigens to the host to induce formation of antibodies
Active immunization
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administration of preformed antibodies against a specific infectious disease
Passive immunization
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Infanrix, Daptacel Adacel, Boostrix
- Diphtheria
- Tetanus
- Acellular Pertussis or DTaP
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Rubeola
German measles
- MMR II Measles
- Mumps
- Rubella
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A new live virus product containing measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella virus vaccine
ProQuad
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IPOL
Polio vaccine, inactivated
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OPV
no longer recommended
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Prevnar
Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate
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Recombivax
Engerix-B
Hepatitis B Vaccine
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Comvax
Combination vaccine containing Haemophilus influenzae type b conjufate and Hepatitis B
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Havrix
Vaqta
Hepatitis A vaccine
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Varivax
Varicella Vaccine
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How do you store Varivax?
Keep Frozen
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Fluzone
Fluvirin
Fluarix
Influenza Virus vaccine
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FluMist
Live attenuated influenza vaccine
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How do you store FluMist?
- Shipped Frozen
- Upon recieval store in a refrigerator at 2 to 8 degrees celsius until used or expiration date is reached.
- Shelf life is 18 weeks
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Menactra
- Meningococcal Polysacharide Vaccine
- Groups A, C, Y, and W-135
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Pneumovax 23
Pnuemococcal vaccine 23 valent
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Imovax Rabies
RabAvert
Rabies vaccine
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5 doses on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Always give immune globulin as well
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Typhim VI
Typhoid vaccine
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Vivotif
Typhoid vaccine, oral
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YF-Vax
Yellow Fever Vaccine
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JE-Vax
Japanese Encephalitis vaccine
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RotaTeq
Rotavirus Vaccine, Live-Oral
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Special Storage requirements for RotaTeq
Protect from light
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Zostavax
Herpes Zoster Vaccine
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What does Zostavax prevent and what are the special storage requirements?
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Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus
Gardasil
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BayGam GammaStan
Immune Globulin=IG
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BayGam GammaStan for IM use only
ISG= Immune Serum Globulin
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Immune Globulin intravenous
- Gamunex
- Gamimune N
- Gammagard SK
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BayHepB
Nabi-HB
HyperHep B
Hepatitis B Immun Globulin
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BayRab
Hyperab
Rabie Immune Globulin
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BayTet
HyperTet
Tetanus Immune Globulin
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Vaccinia Immune Globulin
smallpox vaccine
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CroFab
Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab
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FAVIREPT
Polyvalent Snake Antivenin-France
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SCORPIFAV
Polyvalent Scorpion Antivenin
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These agents must be destroyed in a manner that will kill the agent and prevent contanation
Live=attenuated
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Botulinum toxin type A
Botox
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Bolulinum toxin type B
Myobloc
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Neoral
Sandimmune
Cyclosporine
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