W&I Test2 (Part10)

This virus has many strains, some of these strains are sexually transmitted. Certain "high risk" are associated with cervical cancer. Causes genital warts.

There is no cure for ______ ____ ____ but it is thought that the body often clears the virus.

• 1) Gardasil
• 2) Cervarix

These are both vaccines for what STI?

1) Gardasil targets 4 strains of ____ responsible for 90% of genital warts and 70% of cervical cancers.

2) Cervarix protects against cervical cancer strains only.

• This STD is often silent: asymptomatic – or fever, anorexia, N&V, fatigue, rash
• –Virus found in blood, saliva, sweat, tears, vaginal secretions, and semen.

Perinatal transmission of _______ ___ most often occurs in mothers who have acute hepatitis infection late in the 3rd trimester, intrapartum, or early postpartum course.

No specific treatment – recovery is usually spontaneous in 3-16 weeks.

NOQ

This STD can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer.

Screening by blood test – usually hepatitis B surface antigen.

NOQ

Vaccination is the most effective means of preventing ______ __?

• 1) Readily transmitted through exposure to blood
• •Less efficient via semen, saliva, or urine
• 2) Generally asymptomatic or with flu-like symptoms

This discribes what STD?

Confirmed by blood test – anti-C antibodies

NOQ

Treatment for ____ __ would be with Interferon-alpha or with ribavirin for 6-12 months.

Hepititis C crosses the placenta – 2-7% fetal transmission rate.

NOQ

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transsmision primarily occures through the exchange of body fluids.

NOQ

This STD leads to severe depression of the immune system leaving the individual susceptible to illness from opportunistic infections.

Seroconversion of ____ typically occurs 6-12 weeks after exposure.

Antibody testing for _____ initially done by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with reactive screens confirmed by Western blot or immunofluorescence assay.

Therapy for ____ is intensive – usually multi-drug treatment regimen with many dangerous and unpleasant side effects.

Pregnancy is not encourged in ____ positive women

• 1) No breastfeeding
• 2) Treatment of antiretroviral triple therapy
• •Decreases rate to 2%
• 3) Cesarean birth (scheduled at 38 weeks)

These are preventive measures to keep mothers from passing ____ to their babies

• 1) Preterm labor
• 2) PROM
• 3) IUGR
• 4) Perinatal mortality
• 5) Postpartum endometritis

These are some maternal risks with ____ and _____.

• 1) HIV counseling and testing should be offered to all pregnant women
• 2) STI testing
• 3) Vaccination and immune status should be updated
• 4) Antiretroviral medications
• 5) Nutritional support and counseling
• 6) Identification and treatment of opportunistic infections

These are all antepartum care for women concerning ___ and ____.

• 1) IV antiretrovirals
• 2) Extra efforts to decrease the neonate’s exposure to blood and secretions
• •Goal is to keep membranes intact
• 3) Avoid scalp electrode and pH sampling

These are all _______ care measures with HIV and AIDS.

• 1) Infant wiped free of all body fluids and bathed as soon as stable
• 2) Mother at increased risk for infections: UTIs, vaginitis, endometritis, poor wound healing

These are some postpartum and newborn care measures for newborns of ____ positive mothers.

Discribe Trichomoniasis.

• 1) May be asymptomatic or
• 2) Copious malodorous discharge
• 3) Dysuria (painful urination)
• 4) Dyspareunia (painful intercourse) often present
• 5) Red “strawberry cervix” noted on exam

These are symptoms of what STI?

Single treatment with metronidazole (Flagyl) of patient and partners is the treatment for what STI?

Excessive growth of anaerobes in the vagina related to decrease in normal lactobacilli which typically help to maintain an acidic environment.

Symptoms of _____ _____ include are -malodorous thin, grayish-white discharge.

_____ _____ is confirmed by the appearance of bacteria-studded "clue cells" on a saline mount slide.

Overgrowth of candida or other fungal species.

• 1) Itching
• 2) Redness
• 3) Inflammation
• 4) Often with a thick, whitish or greenich curd-like discharge.

These are symptoms of what kind of infection.

Treatment with topical antifungals (OTC and prescription available) or single-dose oral antifungal - Diflucan

This is the treatment for what?

• T- Toxoplasmosis
• O- Other infections
• R- Rubells
• C- Cytomegalovirus
• H- Herpes simplex virus

NOQ

• 1) Hepatitis B
• 2) Syphilis
• 3) Varicella-Zoster Virus
• 4) HIV
• 5) Parvovirus B19

These are the ______ agents in TORCH.

• 1) Miscarriage likely with acute infection
• 2) Parasitemia with maternal acute infection

These are all comlications of ________ in pregnancy

• 1) Raw meat
• 2) Exposure to litter used by infected cats
• •Patient immune after first exposure

These are risk factors for infection with _________.

The symptoms of a ______ infection would be Flu-like infection. Lymphadenopathy

• 1) Miscarriage/preterm birth/Intrauterine fetal demise
• 2) Maternal liver failure
• 3) Fetal anomalies/demise
• 4) Fetal or neonatal hepatitis

These would me some maternal complications of a ______ __ infection.

Droplet or hand contact (contaminated feces).

NOQ

Immunoglobulin can be given prophylacticaly or if contact is made with what infectous agent.

• 1) Fever
• 2) Malaise
• 3) Abdominal discomfort

These are all signs and symptoms of a ____ __ infection.

Infection occures during birth, though the mothers contaminated blood or body fluids.

NOQ

• 1) Fever
• 2) Rash
• 3) Arthralgia
• 4) Anorexia
• 5) Dyspepsia
• 6) Abdominal pain
• 7) Arching
• 8) Malaise
• 9) Jaundice
• 10) Enlarged liver

These are some signs and syptoms of a ______ __ infection.

• 1) Maternal vaccination during pregnancy OK
• 2) Immunoglobulin also given if exposure happens

These are some treatments for _____ __ infections during pregnancy

• 1) Miscarriage
• 2) Malformations of the heart, eyes, ears, or brain if exposed during first 2 months
• 3) After 4 months: systemic infection, hepatosplenomegaly, IUGR, rash

These are all commplications of _______ during pregnancy

• 1) Rash
• 2) Fever
• 3) Mild syptoms
• 4) Suboccipital lymph nodes

These are some signs and symptoms of a _____ infection

• 1) Small risk of birth defects if acquired in 1st 20 weeks of gestation
• 2) If exposed at time of delivery – risk of Varicella pneumonia for infant

NOQ

• 1) Rubella (German measles)
• 2) Varicella (Chicken pox)

NOQ

Occasionally severe anemia, miscarriage (usually if contracted in 1st 20 weeks)

These are complications of what kind of infection during pregnancy?

Chorioamniotis, neonatal sepsis/meningitis can be caused by what in pregnancy?

• 1) Misscarriage
• 2) Preterm delivery
• 3) Fetal/newborn seizures, meningitis

These are things that can be caused by _______ in pregnancy?

A mother could become infected with _______ if she came into contact with contaminated packaged meats, poultry, seafood; veggies grown in contaminated soil; unpasteurized dairy.

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes often associated with gonorrhea or chlamydia.

Inflammation of the uterus often associated with gonorrhea or chlamydia.

This is inflammation of the amnion, usually secondary to bacterial infection.