pp

Identify-> Formulate->Legitimate-> Implement->Evaluate

• Problem recognition/definition
• *What is a social problem
• *what is the nature of the social problem (issue)?
• *What is the magnitude of the condition?

o Inside Government

o Congress

o Events and Crises

o Executive Branch

o Public

o Campaign Promises

Political Parties

• *what are the policy alternatives?
• *difficult to reach a decision that has strong support if alternatives favored by an influenctial interest group are excluded.
• *who are the stakeholders?

• policy adoption
• political proecess, requires majority
• budget must support policy adopted

• policy implementation
• role of public agency
• what is done to enforce or apply a policy?

• Evaluation
• success against others? GAO

• validity of diagnostic tests
• what is the role of gov in health care?
• should gov legislate mortality?
• moral issue or medical problem?
• public or private responsibility?
• issue of private wealth or helath?

• Family resources
• Economic and social resources
• political resources
• information and & educ
• time resources

Access to and control over these variables gives one power and decision-making.

• Health challenges that arise for different age strcutures, cultures
• Social construction of health
• Social distribution of disease

Health risks <-> opportunities to enjoy health

Health needs <-> access to health resources

• Responsibility in the health sector <->
• power in the health sector

• Sex: biological (e.g. menstruation)
• Gender: social construction (self-trait, psychological traits)

• health most vulnerable to stressful life events
• key mental and physical health: work roles
• Unemployment, job insecurity, and even early retirement can bring disease and premature death to men
• Marriage and parenthood provide anchors for men emotionally
• health advantages from having access to more resources than women

• may be protected from a number of diseases by their reproductive physiology and certain X-linked genes
• Estrogen protects women from heart disease and early death
• Women’s greater longevity
• Women benefit in terms of improved life expectancy from marriage as compared to their unmarried counterparts
• Social factors play a major role