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hypothalamus
makes realising and inhibiting hormones
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anterior pitutiary gland
secrete GH, TSH, PRL, MSH, ACTH, FSH, LH
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posterior pituitary
secretes oxytocen and ADH
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acidophils
- pituitary gland
- sectete GH, BRL
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basophils
secrete FSH and LH
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infundibulum
attaches the pituitary to the brain
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thyroid gland
- located in the neck below the larynx
- high blood calcium- secrete CALCITONIN- bones- absorb calcium- making bones dense
- low TSH- secretes T3, T4- all body tissue (except heart and brain)- increased metabolic rate
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follicular cells
secrete t3 and t4
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parafollicular cells
secrete calitonin
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thyroid follicle
release t3 and t4
-
-
parathyroid gland
- located posterior thyroid
- low blood calcium- secrete PTH- bones- relase calcium- high blood calcium
- secrete PTH- kidneys- reabsorb calcium- high blood calcium
-
chief cells
- parathyroid gland
- manufacture PTH
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adrenal capsule
protects deeper levels from invasion
-
adrenal medulla
secretes epinephrene and norepinephren
-
aderenal cortex
secretes aldosterone, cordisol, DHEA
-
pancreas
- located in abdomen between stomach and small intestine
- high blood glucose- INSULIN (beta cells)- fat, muscle, liver- absorb glucose- lower blood glucose
- low blood glucose- GLUCAGON (alpha cells) -liver- breakdown of glucose- high blood glucose
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pancreatic islets
glucose homeostasis
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pancreatic exocrine acini
produce and transport enzymes
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testes
- FSH- high sperm development
- LH- testosterone- muscle skin larynx brain testicles- high muscle growth course hair and high libido
-
ovaries
- FSH- ova development and estrogen- breasts skin fat and brain- growth of glands- female characteristics
- pregnancy- RELAXIN- connective tissue- relaxation of pubic symphisis
-
thymus
- located between heart and sternum
- secretes THYMOSIN- t-lymphocytes- high immune system activity
-
GH- Growth hormone
increased rate of mitosis
-
PRL- Prolactin
lactation by stimulating mammary glands
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MSH- Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
increased melanin production
-
TSH- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
stimulates thyroid gland, secrete T3, T4
-
ACTH- adrenocorticotropic Hormone
secretes cortisol under stress
-
FSH- Follicle Stimulating Hormone
- stimulates w- ova development and estrogen
- m- sperm development
-
LH- luteinizing Hormone
- stimulates ovulation and progesterone and estrogen
- m- testosterone
-
adrenal gland
- located retroperitoneal and superior to kidneys
- stress- CORTISOL- liver fat immune system- fat protien and glucagon breakdown- high blood clucose
- puberty- DHEA- brain skin- high libido browth of hair
- low BP, low Na, high K- ALDOESTERONE- kidneys- high reabsorbtion of Na and water, excretion of k into urine- high BP high Na and low K
-
Heart
high bp- ANP- Kidneys- More Na and water in urine- low BP
-
kidney
anemia- ERYTHOPOETIN- red bone marrow- high red blood cells- low anemia
-
stomach
food in stomach- GASTRIN- stomach- high secretion of enzymes and high muscle contraction- food digested
-
placenta
fetus- HCG- ovaries- high secretion of PROGESTERONE and ESTROGEN- Menstration is suppressed
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