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Tissue
Group of cells that work together to perform a particular function. 4 types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
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Organs
2 or more different tissues join together to form body structures.
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Organ System
Consists of related organs with a common function.
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Metabolism
The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body.
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Catabolism
The breaking down of complex chemical substances into simpler ones.
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Anabolism
The building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler ones.
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Disorder
Any obnormality of structure and/or function.
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Disease
Specific term for an illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms.
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Symptoms
Subjective changes in body functions that are not apparent to an observer.
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Signs
Objective changes that a clinician can observe and measure.
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Prone
When the body is in anatomical position facing down.
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Supine
When the body is in anatomical position facing up.
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Antecubital
Front of elbow
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Digital or Phalangeal
Fingers
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Patellar
Anterior surface of knee
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Popliteal
Hollow behind knee
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Superior
Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure
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Inferior
Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure
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Anterior
Nearer to or at the front of the body.
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Posterior
Nearer to or at the back of the body
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Medial
Nearer to the midline
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Lateral
Farther from the midline
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Intermediate
Between two structures
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Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body as another structure
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Contralateral
On the opposite side of the body from another structure.
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Proximal
Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure.
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Distal
Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; Farther from the origination of a structure.
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Superficial
Toward or on the surface of the body.
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Deep
Away from the surface of the body.
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Sagittal Plane
Vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides.
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Midsagittal Plane
Sagittal Plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right sides.
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Parasagittal Plane
Sagittal plane that divides the body or organ into unequal left and right sides.
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Transverse plane
Divides the body or organ into front and back portions.
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Oblique Plane
Divides the body or organ at an angle.
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Frontal Plane
Divides the body or organ into front and back portions.
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Section
Cut of the body or one of its organs made along one of the planes
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Meninges
Line the cranial cavity and the vertebral canal.
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Pericardial cavity
A fluid-filled space containing the heart.
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Pleural Cavity
Two fluid-filled spaces, each containing a lung.
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Mediastinum
Central portion of the thoracic cavity.
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Diaphragm
A dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.
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Serous membrane
Thin, slippery double-layered membranes that cover the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and line the walls of the thorax and abdomen.
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Pleura
Serous membrane of the pleural cavities.
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Pericardium
Serous membrane of the pericardial cavity
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Peritoneum
Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity.
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