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Supply Chain
connected chain of all the biz entities, both internal and external to the company that perform or support the logistics function
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Supply Chain Management
mgmt system that coordinates and integrates all of the activities performed by supply chain members into a semless process, from the source to the point of consumption, resulting in enhanced customer & economic value
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Dual Roles of Supply Chain Mgmt
- Communicator of customer demand from point of sale to supplier.
- Physical Flow process that engineers the timely & cost-effective movement of goods.
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Supply Chain Integration
when multiple firms in a supply chain coordinate their activities and processes so that they are seamlessly linked to one another in an effort to satisfy the customer
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Benefits of Supply Chain Management
- Report lower inventory, transportation, warehousing & packaging costs
- greater supply chain flexibility
- improved customer service
- higher revenues
- increased profitability
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6 Types of Integration
- Relationship Integration
- Measurement " "
- Technology & Planning " "
- Material & Service Supplier " "
- Internal Operations " "
- Customer " "
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Business Processes
bundles of interconnected activities that stretch across firms in the supply chain
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8 Key Business Processes
- customer relationship mgmt
- customer service mgmt
- demand mgmt
- order fulfillment
- manufacturing flow mgmt
- supplier relationship mgmt
- product development & commercialization
- returns mgmt
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Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Process
- allows companies to prioritize their mktg focus on different customer groups according to each group's long-term value to the company or supply chain
- includes both segmentation of customers by value & the generation of customer loyalty
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Customer Service Management Process
presents a multi-company, unified response system to the customer whenever complaints, concerns, questions or comments are voiced
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Demand Management Process
seeks to align supply and demand throughout the supply chain by anticipating customer requirements at each level and creating demand-related plans of action prior to actual customer purchasing behavior
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Order Fulfillment Process
- highly integrated process, often requiring persons from multiple companies and multiple functions to come together and coordinate to create customer satisfaction at a given place and time
- one of the most fundamental processes
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Manufacturing Flow Management Process
concerned with ensuring that firms in the supply chain have the needed resources to manufacture with flexibility and to move products thru a multi-stage production process
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Supplier Relationship Management Process
closely related to the manufacturing flow management process and contains several characteristics tha tparallel the customer relationship management process
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Product Development & Commercialization Process
includes the group of activities that facilitates the joint development and mktg of new offerings among a group of supply chain partner firs
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Returns Management Process
enables firms to manage volumes of returned product efficiently while inimiing returns-related costs and maximizing the vlue of the returned assets to the firms in the supply chain
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Logistics
process of strategically managing the efficient flow and storace of raw materials, in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption
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Logistical Components of the Supply Chain
- sourcing & procurement of raw materials and supplies
- production scheduling
- order processing
- inventory control
- warehousing and materials handling
- transportation
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Logistics Information System
link that connects all the logistics functions of the supply chain
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Supply Chain Team
entire group of individuals who orchestrate the movement of g/s and info from the source to the consumer
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Mass Customization (build-to-order)
production method whereby products are not made until an order is placed by the customer; products are made according to customer specs
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Just-In-Time Production (JIT)
process that redefines and simplifies manufacturing by reduing inventory levels and delivering raw materials at the precise time they are needed on the production line
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Order Processing System
system whereby orders are entered into the supply chain and filled
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Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
info technology that repalces the paper documents that usually accompany biz transactions, such as POs and invoices, with electronic trasmission of the needed info to reduce inventory levels, improve cash flow, streamline operations and increase the speed and accuracy of info transmission
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Inventory Control System
method of developing and maintaining an adequate assortment of materials or products to meet a manufacturer's or a customer's demand
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Materials Requirement Planning (MRP)
inventory control system that manages the replenishment of raw materials, supplies and components from the supplier to the manufacturer
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Distribution Resource Planning (DRP)
inventory control system that manages the replenishment of goods from the manufacturer to the final consumer
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Automatic Replenishment Program
real-time inventory system that triggers shipments only when a good is sold to the end user
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Materials-Handling System
method of moving inventory into, within and out of the warehouse
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Outsourcing (contract logistics)
manufacturer's or supplier's use of an independent third party to manage an entire function of the logistics system, such as transportation, warehousing or order processing
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Electronic Distribution
distribution technique that includes any kind of product or service that can be distributed electronically, whether over traditional forms such as fiber-optic cable or through satellite transmission of electronic signals
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