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Nervous System
- has two parts
- all parts are protected in some way
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
The brain and spinal cord
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Spinal Cord
- nerves that run down the length of the back
- transmit most messages between the body and brain
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- nerves branching out from the spinal cord
- Somatic: controls coluntary muscles
- Autonomic: controls involuntary muscles
- -Sympathetic- expends energy
- -Parasympathetic- conserves energy
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Neurons
- the long, thin cells of nerve tissue
- along which messages travel to and from the brain
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Synapse
- the gap that occurs between individual nerve cells
- - works by releasing chemicals called Neurotransmitters- can excite/ stop next neuron from transmitting
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Parts of Neurons
nucleus, cell body, dendrites, myelin sheath, axon, axon terminals, and synapse
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Neurotransmitters (types)
- Norepinephrine- involved w/ memory & learning
- Endorphine- inhibits pain
- Acetylcholine- involved w/ movement and memory
- Dopamine- involved w/ learning, emotional arousal, and movement
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Neuron Activity (types)
- afferent neurons- sensory neurons
- efferent neurons- motor neurons
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Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
- part of peripheral nervous system
- controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles
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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- part of peripheral nervous system
- controls internal biological function
- -2 parts- Sympathetic & Parasympathetic N.S.
- -S: prepares body for emergencies, hard work
- -P: works to conserve energy/ recovering from hard work
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