Muscles of Upper Extremities

O: Vertebrae (C7, T1-5)

I: Vertebral (medial) border of scapula

Action: Scapular adductions (retraction), inferior rotation, elevation

O: Lateral anterior surface of ribs 1-9

I: Anterior aspect of the medial border of the scapula

Action: Scapular abduction, superior rotation

O: Neck vertabrae (C1-4)

I: Superior angle of scapula

Action: Elevates the medial aspect of the scapula

O: Anterior surface of ribs 3-5

I: Coracoid Process

Actions: Scapular abduction, depression, inferior rotation

O: Superior aspect of rib 1

I: Inferior groove of clavicl e

Action: Clavice depression, stabilization of SC joint

O: Base of skull, ligamentum nuchae, spines of (C7-T12)

I: Lateral third of clavicle, spine of scapula

• Part 1 Action: Scapular elevation
• (Upper Trap)

Part 2 Action: Scapular elevation, superior rotation, adduction

(upper trap, slightly angled muscle)

Part 3 Action: Scapular adduction

(Mid Trap, horrizotal muscle)

Part 4 Action: Adduction, superior rotation, depression

(Lower trap, downward angle)

O: Medial 1/2-2/3 of clavicle, sternum through aponerois of abs

I: Crest of greater tuberosity of humerus

• Action:
• Clavicle division––Internal rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion, adduction and abduction of humerus
• Sternal division–– Internal rotation, extension, and adduction

O: Coracoid process of the scapula

I: Middle of the medial border of the humerus opposite the deltoid tubercle

Action: Humeral flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction

• O: Two Heads
• Long Head–Supraglenoid tubercle on the superior edge of the glenoid process of the scapula
• Short Head–Coracoid process of the scapula

I: Radial Tuberosity

Action: Flexion, supination of forearm, and weak shoulder flexion

O: Infraspinous fossa (just belwo the spine)

I: Posteriorly on the greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: External rotation, horizontal abduction, extension and stabilization of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa

O: Subscapular fossa on the anterior suface of the scapula

I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: Humeral adduction, extension, internal rotation, stabilization of the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

• O: Anterior–Lateral portion of the anterior aspect of clavicle
• Middle–Lateral edge of the acromion process of scapula
• Posterior–Inferior edge of the spine of the scapula

I: Deltoid tuberosity (on the humerus)

Actions: abduction, flexion, medial rotation, lateral rotation

O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

I: Superiorly on greater tubercle of humerus

Actions: Weak abduction, stabilization of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa

O: Illum, Sacrum. T6-T12, lower 3 ribs

I: Medial lip of the intertubercule groove of the humerus

Action: Horizontal abduction, extends, and adduction

O: Lateral border of scapula

I: Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: Adduction, extention, medial rotation

• O:
• Long Head–Infraglenoid tubercle below inferior lip of glenoid fossa
• Lateral head– Posterior upper 1/3 of humerus
• Medial head– Posterior lower 2/3 of humerus

I: Olecranon process of ulna

Actions: Extension of elbow, extention and adduction of shoulder

O: Posteriorly on the upper and middle portions of the lateral boder of the scapula

I: Posteriorly on the greater tubercle of the humerus

Actions: External rotation, horizontal abduction, and stabilization of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa

O: Anterior lower half of the humerus

I: Anterior coronoid process of ulna

Action: Flexion

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: Lateral styloid process of radius

Action: Elbow flexion

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: Lateral radius, near middle

Action: Pronation, slight flexion

O: Anterior lower 1/4 of ulna

I: Anterior lower 1/4 of raduis

Action: Pronation

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Lateral olecranon process and posteriro ulna

Action: Extension

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Anterior/ Lateral upper third of radius

Action: Supination

O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus

I: Bone of second and third metacarpal, anterior

Action: Wrist flexion, radial deviation, weak elbow flexion

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, posterior aspect of proximal ulna

I: Pisiform, hamate, and base of fith metacarpal

Actions: Wrist flexion, ulnar deviaton, weak elbow flexion

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: Palmaris aponeurosis of second, thrid, fourth, and fifth metacarpals

Action: Wrist flexion, weak elbow flexion

O: Lower 1/3 of the lateral supracondyler ridge of humerus and lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I: Base of second metacarpal

Action: Wrist extension radial deviation, and weak elbow flexion

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Base of third metacarpal

Action: Wrist extension, radial deviation, weak elbow extension

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, middle 2/4 of the posterior border of the ulna

I: Base of fifth metacarpal

Actions: Wrist extension, ulnar deviation, and weak elbow extension