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Describe Annelida
- Bilaterally Symetrical (cephalization)
- Exhibit metamerism
- Hydrostatic Skeleton
- Complete Digestive Tract
- Closed Circulatory System
- Respiration by gills, skin, or parapodia
- Well developed nervous system and sense organs
- Excretion by paired metanephridia
- Chitinous Setae in all but leeches
- Sexual Reproduction, Monoecious & Dioecious
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Phylum Annelida Classes
Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Hirudinea
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Class Polychaeta Genuses
Nereis, Aphrodita
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Class Oligochaeta Genuses
Lumbricus
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Class Hirudinea Genuses
Hirudo
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Metamere:
a repeating body segment
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Metamerism:
the division of the body into a series of similar segments, each containing repeating arrangements of organs and systems
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Discuss Annelid Anatomy - Clitellum:
used for reproduction
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Discuss Annelid Anatomy - Closed Circulatory System:
no heart, instead a series of aortic arches.enlarged blood vessels which carry out the function of a heart
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Discuss Annelid Anatomy - Complete Digestive Tract:
- pumping pharynx → through esophages then through crop (storage unit
- somewhat like our stomach) → into gizzard (used to grind the food) →
- down a long intestine
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Discuss Annelid Anatomy - Metanephridia:
excretion, each segment has a pair
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Discuss Annelid Anatomy - Nephridiopore:
opening to nephridium
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Assess the distinguishing characteristics for the annelid class Polychaeta:
parapodia
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parapodia:
feet that stick out on the side. Keeps water moving across them for respiration
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Assess the distinguishing characteristics for the annelid class Oligochatea:
- no parapodia
- typhlosole
- clitellum
- gizzaard
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Assess the distinguishing characteristics for the annelid class Hirudinea
- Anterior and Posterior suckers
- no hydrostatic skeleton
- most are free living scavengers
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typhlosole:
increases surface area in the intestine, which improves the efficiency of digestion and absorption.
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Contrast the various strategies used by annelids to obtain food: Polychaetes
- filter feeding with radioles
- active predator
- detritus feeding with tentacles
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Contrast the various strategies used by annelids to obtain food: Oligochaetes
Detritus feeding with pumping pharynx
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Contrast the various strategies used by annelids to obtain food: Hirudineans
predators, detritus & fluid feeding with proboscis or cutting plates
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Contrast reproduction among annelid classes: Polychaeta
- Dioecious
- no permanent sex organs
- no clitellum
- external fertilization
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Contrast reproduction among annelid classes: Oligochaeta
- Monecious
- permantant sex organs
- permanant clitellum
- internal ferlization
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Contrast reproduction among annelid classes: Hirudineans
- monoecious
- permanent sex organs
- temporary clitellum
- internal fertilization
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compare and contrast the nervous system of the three worm phyla: platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida.
- platyhelminthes: Nervous Ladder Type
- nematoda: Ganglia and Nerve Cords
- annelida: Well developed
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compare and contrast the digestive system of the three worm phyla: platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida.
- platyhelminthes: Incomplete Digestive Tract
- nematoda: Complete Digestive Tract
- annelida: Complete Digestive Tract
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compare and contrast the circulatory systems of the three worm phyla: platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida.
- platyhelminthes: None
- nematoda: None
- annelida: Closed
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compare and contrast the excretory systems of the three worm phyla: platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida.
- platyhelminthes: flame cells
- nematoda:
- annelida: Paired Metanephridia
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compare and contrast the reproductive systems of the three worm phyla: platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida.
- platyhelminthes: mainly sexual, most monecious
- nematoda: Sexual Reproduction, most Monecious
- annelida: Sexual Reproduction, Monecious & Dioecious
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Phylum Arthopoda
- Advanced metamerism resulting in tagmata
- Highly adaptable jointed appendages
- Highly adaptable exoskeleton and complexmuscle system
- Open circulatory system
- Complete digestive tract
- Respiration by gills, book gills, booklungs, body surface, and tracheae
- Well developed nervous system with complexsense organs
- Excretion through coxal, antennal andmaxillary glands, and Malpighian tubules
- Sexual reproduction – dioecious, internalfertilizers, most exhibiting metamorphosis
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Discuss Arthopod ecological information:
- over 1.2 million extant species
- found from polar to tropical regions and in the bodies of other organisms
- found on land, in the air and fresh and marine waters
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Phylum Arthopoda Subphylums
Chelicerata, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Hexapoda
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Subphylum Chelicerata Classes
Merostomata, Arachnida
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Subphylum Crustacea Classes
Maxillopoda, Malacostraca
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Subphylum Myriapoda Classes
Chilopoda, Diplopoda
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Subphylum Hexapoda Classes
Insecta
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Class Merostomata
Genus Limulus
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Class Arachnida
Orders: Araneae (spiders), Scorpionida (scorpions), Opiliones (harvestmen), Acari (ticks)
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Class Maxillopoda
Subclass Cirripedia
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Class Malacostraca
Order Isopoda, Decapoda
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Order Araneae
Latrodectus, Loxosceles
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Subclass Cirripedia
Balanus
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Order Isopoda
Armadillidium
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Order Decapoda
Penaeus, Cancer
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Evaluate the six reasons for arthropod abundance and diversity
- a versatile and adaptable exoskeleton. Chitin, Tergum, Sternum, Pleura. Held together by ligaments. Enables them to crawl up walls and to fly.
- Advanced segmentation and paired appendages. Enables them to crawl, outrun, move quickly.
- Oxygen pumped directly to the tissues. More oxygen = more atp. More ATP = more energy for life.
- Highly developed sense organs
- complex behavioral patterns
- limited intraspecific competition through metamorphosis
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Chitin:
carbohydrate that provides structure. Lighter than protein.
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Thermoregulation:
The acquiring, regulating and maintaining of body temperature through physiological and behavioral means
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Physiological Thermoregulation:
using body structures to generate, maintain, or release heat
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Behavioral Thermoregulation:
using body actions an movements to obtain, maintain, or release heat.
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Chelicerata
- Two body segments: cephalothorax (prosoma) and abdomen (opisthosoma)
- Six pair of appendages: one pair of chelicerae, one pair of pedipalps and four pair of walking legs
- no antennae or mandibles
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