cardiovascular.txt

• 1)contains both smooth muscle and elastic fibers
• 2)thicker in arteries than veins

• 1)walls can easily stretch to accommodate the large amounts of blood that are ejected into them by the heart. Because of their "elasticity," elastic arteries can spring back to their former diameter, forcing blood to move on down the artery.
• 2)also called CONDUCTING ARTERIES

• 1)tunica media that contains more smooth muscle than elastic fibers
• 2)By changing the degree of VASOCONSTRICTION or VASODILATION, muscular arteries can regulate the size of their lumens and, therefore, help control the distribution of blood throughout the body

1)rings of smooth muscle around the beginning of a capillary that pinch shut or open up to regulate blood flow

• 1)composed of only ENDOTHELIUM and a BASEMENT MEMBRANE
• 2) microscopic blood vessels that function in exchange between blood and interstitial fluid.

• 1)much lower pressure than arteries
• 2)contain VALVES at regular intervals to keep blood flowing in one direction
• 3) Pumped by a) the skeletal muscle pump b) the respiratory pump

the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of a blood vessel

the blood pressure in your arteries due to the forceful ejection of blood by the left ventricle during VENTRICULAR SYSTOLE

is the blood pressure left over in your arteries as the heart relaxes during VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE

• 1)amount of friction blood encounters as it flows through blood vessels
• 2)Sources of vascular resistance:
• -vasoconstriction, viscosity(blood thickness), and vessel length

• 1)measured BLOOD PRESSURE
• 2) Steps:
• (1). Before the sphygmomanometer cuff is inflated, blood flows freely through the BRACHIAL ARTERY. (2). As we inflate the cuff, the brachial artery becomes increasingly constricted
• (3) first banging sound is heard equals the systolic pressure
• (4) last banging sound is heard equals the diastolic pressure