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What are the two types of muscle fibers?
Slow and fast
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What is the differnce in process to make slow atp fibers and fast atp fibers.
Slow atp fibers=aerobic=use oxygen
fast fibers=anaerobic=no oxygen
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What produces 38 ATP molecules from one glucose molecule?
Cellular respiration
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What is oxidation?
It is the loss of electrons.
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What is reduction?
It is the gain of electrons.
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What is the formula for cellular respiration?
C_6H_12O_6+6O_2------> 6CO_2+6H_2O+energy(ATP)
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What are the three stages of cellular respiration in order?
- Stage 1: Glycolysis
- Stage 2: The citric acid cycle
- Stage 3: Oxidative phosphorylation
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What enters the first stage of cellular respiration, Glycolysis?
Glucose a six carbon molecule enters glycolysis.
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What are the products of the first stage of cellular respiration, Glycolysis?
Two molecules of a three-carbon compound called pyruvate is produced.
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Where does the first stage of cellular respiration, glycolysis, occur?
It occurs in the cytoplasm.
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What enters the second stage of cellular respiration, The citric acid cycle.
pyruvate enters at this level and is broken down into carbon dioxide.
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What are the products of the second stage of cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle.
The citric acid cycle produces electrons for the third stage.
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Where does the second stage of the cellular respiration occur, the citric acid cycle?
The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondria.
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What enters the third stage of cellular respiration, Oxidative phosphorylation?
In the third level of cellular respiration electrons enter and are shttled through the electron transport chain.
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What are the products of the third stage of cellular respiration, Oxidative phosphorylation?
ATP is generated through oxidative phosphorylation associated with chemiosmosis.
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Where does the third stage of cellular respiration occur, oxidative phosphorylation?
the third stage of cellular respiration occurs in mitochondrion membrane.
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What happens in the substrate-level of phosphorylation?
Enzymes transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP, forming ATP.
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What happens in Oxidative phosphorylation?
It involves electron transport and chemiosmosis and requires an adequate supply of oxygen.
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At what stage does Substrate level phosphorylation occur?
It occurs in the first stage.
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At what stage does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
It occurs in the second stage.
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What is anaerobic respiration?
It is a form of respiration that does not use oxygen but uses electrons instead.
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what are the two types of fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.
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When do you use fermentation instead of cellular respiration?
You use fermentation when there is no oxygen present.
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What is lactic acid fermentation?
biological process by which sugars such as glucose, fructose, andsucrose, are converted into cellular energy and the metabolic byproductlactate
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what is alcohol fermentattion?
is a biological process in which sugars such asglucose, fructose, andsucrose are converted into cellular energy and thereby produce ethanoland carbon dioxide as metabolic waste products
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what is photosynthesis?
It is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy.
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What are autotrophs?
They sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms.
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What are photoautotrophs?
Almost all plants are photoautotrophs. They use the energy of sunlight to make oranic molecules from water and carbon dioxide.
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what are heterotrophs?
They are the consumers of the biosphere.
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