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Band
Cell at the bottom
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Neutrophil and a Monocyte
Blasts
Metamylocyte
Neutrophol and Eosinophil
Basophil
Plasmacyte
A
: Metarubricyte
B
: Nutrophil
C
: Metarubricyte Extruding it's nucleus
Reticulocyte
WBC's (Leukocytes) Defend Against:
-Foreign substances
-Microorganisms
-Parasites
-Infection
Uses hydrolytic enzymes to destroy bacteria
Lysosomes
This is the powerhouse of cell for energy production
-respiration
Mitochondria
Qualities of properly stained slides
-Eosinophils have bright orange granules
-Basophils have dark blue-black granules
Qualities of a good smear
-Feathered edge
-Rainbow appearance
-Free of holes ridges and waves
How much time do you have to prepare a peripheral blood smear? why?
prepare smears within two hours of collection.
-RBC's become macrocytic
-WBC's and Platelets degenerate
Reagents and equipment needed to create a wedge Smear
-Two clean glass slides
-Capillary tubes
-EDTA blood samples
Capillary collection puncture sites and depth for neonates/infants.
Heel
-Never puncture curvature of heel
-Puncture depth no more than 1.6mm
Situation capillary collection is used in.
Why?
Infants <6 months old
-too dangerous to remove too much blood
-has small volume of blood
True or False
-Most patients tolerate phlebotomy
True
False
True
What to do at first sign of adverse reaction
-discontinue blood collection
-release tourniquet and remove needle
-get patient to a private area
do not allow a tourniquet to stay on longer than ______.
Why?
one minute
-Hemoconcentration could occur
-Falsely elevated test results
What is the most important step in phlebotomy?
Patient Identification.
How to check patient ID.
Check SSN and Name
This vein is located on the outer portion of the arm where the skin tends to be tougher.
Cephalic vein
What are the three main venipuncture sites?
-Median Cubital
-Basilic
-Cephalic
methods of venipuncture
-Vacutainer
-Syringe
anticoagulant to sample dilution factor for sodium citrate.
1:9
how do you adjust the platelet count if you run a CBC on a blue top tube?
Multiply platelet count by 1.1 (addition of 10% to initial result)
What is the end stage of B lymphocyte maturation?
Plamacyte
These originate from antigenic stimulation of mature B lymphocytes.
Plamacytes
This is an antibody producing cell.
Plasmacyte
what cell has a Hof near the nucleus
Plasmacyte
what is another name for a plasmacyte?
Plasma cell
what cell exhibits all of the following:
-Chemotaxis
-Necrotaxis
-Necrophagocytosis
Monocytes
Characteristics of a mature monocyte's cytoplasm.
-Abundant with pseudopodia
-Pale blue-grey
-ground glass appearance
-fine pale red dust like granules
-vacuoles may be present
How much time do monocytes spend in peripheral blood?
14 hours
What is a monocyte that enters tissue called?
Macrophage
maturation cycle of a red blood cell.
-Rubriblast
-Prorubricyte
-basophilic rubricyte
-polychromatic rubricyte
-metarubricyte
-reticulocyte
what type of hemoglobin contains:
-2 Alpha Chains
-2 Beta Chains
what percent of adult hemoglobin should HbA be?
95-97%
what hemoglobin is also know as fetal hemoglobin?
HbF
what hemoglobin contains:
2 alpha chains
2 gamma chains
HbF
What percent of adult hemoglobin should HbF be?
1-2%
what cell fragments until the cell is without cytoplasm?
Megakaryocyte
what happens to the naked nucleus of a magakaryocyte after the cytoplasm completely fragments?
it is ingested by Macrophage
Don'ts on lab saftey
-Recap needles
-Remove used needles from disposable syringes by hand
-bend, break, or manipulate used needles
what percent of your blood is the fluid portion?
55%
if the fluid portion of blood in an anticoagulated tube is called what?
Why?
Plasma
it contains fibrinogen
when fibrin is prevented from forming in the fluid portion of blood it is called _____.
serum
what is the formula for adjusting anticoagulant in a blue top tube?
citrate=100HCT/595HCT x sample volume
what tube contains lithium heparin as the anticoagulant?
Green Top
how does lithium heparin prevent coagulation?
-interacting with anti-thrombin III
-inhibiting thrombin
what WBC establishes direct contact with; inhibits growth of, and kills foreign cells?
what else is this cell involved in?
-T-lymphocytes
- tumor supression and graft rejection
What is the second most frequently occuring WBC in peripheral blood?
lymphocyte
what cell originates from CFU-L?
where do they originate?
Lymphocytes.
Lymphopoietic organs
What reagents and equipment do you need to perform a capillary collection?
-70% isopropyl alcohol
-sterile gauze pads
-sterile blood lancet
-capillary tubes
-band aids
how to perform a capillary collection.
-ensure puncture site is warm
-puncture against the grain of skin quickly and firmly
-wipe away first drop of blood
-should collect 1ml of blood
what are some complications of capillary collection?
-Tissue juice dilution
-platelet clumping
-painful procedure be truthful to children
in what order should you collect a platelet sample durring capillary collection?
collect platelet samples first due to platelet clumping
what are some reasons for patient isolation?
-prevent spread of infection
-protect immuno-compromised patient from:
-normal flora of phlebotomist
-from nosocomial pathogens
what are the types of patient isolation?
-strict
-enteric
-wound
-respiratory
-protective
what type of patient isolation protects the phlebotomist from contagious diseases transmitted via direct contact and the air.
strict
what type of patient isolation is also known as contact isolation?
strict
what is the purpose of a peripheral smear?
to examine cells under a microscope
-test is called WBC differential
what is examined in a WBC Differential?
-Different types of WBC
-RBC morphology
-Platelet estimate
What are the secondary lymphopoietic organs?
-lymph nodes
-spleen
-tonsils
what are the primary lymphopoietic organs?
-bone marrow
-thymus
In what cell does IgE bind to surface receptors to react with specific antigens?
Basophil
What cell contains histamine and heparin?
basophil
in what granulocyte does degranulation occur?
basophil
what white blood cell has two lobes and bright reddish orange specific granules?
Eosinophil
what is diapedesis?
Neutrophils move into tissues thru narrow junctions between endothelial cells of blood vessels.
what is the most frequently occurring cell in peripheral blood?
Neutrophils
what cells are rod or band shaped with an indentation greater than half the width of the round nucleus?
Band
What is hematopoesis?
the creation of blood cells.
What cells are created durring the second week of fetal development?
primative RBC's
What cells are created durring the second month of fetal development?
Granulocytes and megakaryocytes
what cells are created durring the fourth month of fetal development?
lymphocytes
what cells are created durring the fifth month of fetal development?
monocytes
what cell has an indented or kidney shaped nucleus where the indention is less than half of the round nucleus?
metamyelocyte
what does an immature nucleus look like?
-large
-usually round to oval
-chromatin fine and delicate
-stains reddish purple
-usually one or more nucleoli
what is the primary site of cell production and who is it examined by?
bone marrow
what are cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes called?
platelets or thrombocytes
what is the purpose of platelets?
stops bleeding
Author
corbin19
ID
11240
Card Set
Hematology
Description
MLT 10005
Updated
2010-03-22T13:47:19Z
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