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Psychology: Learning
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What is
learning
?
Relatively permanent change in an organism's behavior due to experience
What is
classical conditioning
?
Learning to associate two stimuli
Who discovered classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov and his dogs
What did
Ivan Pavlov
discover with classical conditioning?
Previously neutral stimuli could casue a response if paired with food
5 types of classical conditioning
unconditioned stimulus
unconditioned response
neutral stimulus
conditioned stimulus
conditioned respones
Unconditioned Stimulus
naturally causes a response
ex. hot water (somthing that happens)
Unconditioned Response
Natural response to a UCS
ex. jumping back from hot water
Neutral Stimulus
object that produces no natural response
ex. the toilet flushing (same as CS)
Conditioned Stimulus
A NS that is paired with a UCS so it now produces it own response
ex. the toilet flushing (same as NS)
Conditioned Response
The response produced by the CS
ex. jumping back (same as UCR)
What is
acquisition
?
Period of learning association between stimulus and response
(onion smell + Kiss = sexual arousal) so (onion smell = sexual arousal)
What is
generalization
?
responding to stimuli similar to conditioned stimuli (CS)
What is
discrimination
?
distinguish difference between conditional stimuli and irrelevant stimuli
ex. its not the sink, its the toilet
What is
extinction
?
Diminishing of a conditioned responce
ex. eventually you forget to jump when the toilet flushes
What is
spontaneous recovery
?
reappearace of a conditioned response after a rest period
ex. after you forget for a while you start to remember to jump when the toilet flushes
What is
operant conditioning
?
Associate behaviors with consequences
Thorndike's law of effect - rewarded behavior is likely to recur
2 types of operant conditioning
Reinforcement
- any response that makes a behavior more likely to occur
Punishment
- any response that makes a behavior less likely to occur
Positive Reinforcement
adding somthing desirable
Negative Reinforcement
taking away somthing aversive
Positive Punishment
adding something aversive
Negative Punishment
taking away somthing desirable
Reinforcement Schedules
Continuous Reinforcement
- reinforce behavior after each occurrence
Partial/Intermittent reinforcement
- only reinforce behavior some of the time
4 types of Reinforcement Schedule
Fixed ratio
Varible ratio
fixed interval
variable interval
Fixed Ratio
reinforce after a set number of responses
Variable Ratio
reinforce after random number of responses
Fixed Interval
reinforce after a set amount of time
Variable Interval
reinforce after a random amount of time
What is
observational learning
?
Watching others behavior and consequences
deals with
Modeling
What is
Modeling
?
The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
What happened with the
Bandura & the Bobo Dolls
?
Demonstrated how children are influenced by aggressive models
Author
Anonymous
ID
112289
Card Set
Psychology: Learning
Description
Ben Libby
Updated
2011-10-26T05:30:41Z
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