-
Oseltamivir, Zanamivir
- Inhibitors of Neuraminidase of influenza
- Oral
- Reduce symptoms, reduce course
- Influenza A and B
-
Acyclovir
- Very active against HSV, less against VZV, EBV
- Inhibits viral DNA polymerase, 100x greater susceptibility to viral DNA
- Termination of herpes DNA elongation
- low toxicity
- Oral -> genitcal herpes
- IV -> severe genital herpes, VZV
- Resistant strains of HSV, VZV after long admin
-
Ganciclovir
- Aciclovir analog
- Inhibits human herpes virus, including CMV
- Inhibits viral DNA polymerase
- Significant toxicity for uninfected cells
- Neutropenia, decreased sperm, BM precursers, and gut mucosal cells
- Relapses common when stopped
-
Foscarnet
- Directly inhibits DNA polymerase of all herpes viruses, RNA polymerase of influenza, and reverse transcriptase of retrovirus
- No thymidine kinase -> CMV
- Nephrotoxic, continuous IV
-
Maraviroc
- HIV entry inhibitor
- Blocks CCR5
-
Enfuvirtide
- Blocks gp41
- Fuseon
- Fusion inhibitor
-
Zidovudine, Azidothymidine
- Nuc reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- Terminates viral DNA elongation
- Reduces frequency of OIs
- BM toxicity
- Reduces verticle transmission
-
Didanosine (ddl) and Zalcitabine (ddC)
- Nuc reverse transcriptase inhibitor
- Increases CD4 count and decreases HIV levels
- Toxicity - pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy
- ddl -> after AZT resistance
- ddC -> combo with AZT
-
Stavudine (D4T)
- Nuc
- Terminates viral nucleic acid synthesis
- High bioavailability
- Headache, nausea and vomiting, confusion, high AST, peripheral neuropathy
-
Lamuvidine (3TC)
- Reverse transcriptase inhibitor
- Used in combo
- Reduces the development of AZ resistance mutants
- Hep B in combo with INF alpha
-
Nevarapine, delavirdine, eavirenz
- NNRTIs
- Bind to reverse transcriptase
- AZT resistant
- Less toxic
- Open to resistance
-
Raltegravir
- Integrase inhibitor
- Resistance to other HAART
-
Ritonavir, Saquinavir, Indinavir, nelfinavir
- Protease inhibitors
- Combo
- Hepatotoxic
-
Ribavirin
- Synthetic triazole nucleoside, guanosine analog
- Inhibits synthesis of guanosine5`-phosphate which inhibits niral nucleic acid synthesis
- Aersole fof flu A,B, RSV
- Oral, IV - lassa fever
- Hep C when combined with INF alpha
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