3023 chap 9

Formal- designated work group dfined by an organizations structure

INFORMAL- A group that is neither formally structured nor organizationally determined; such a group appears in response to the need for social contact

COMMAND-A group composed of the indiviuals who report directly to a given manager

TASK- People working together to a complete a job task

INTEREST-people working together to attain a specific objective with which each is concerned

FRIENDSHIP- peole brought together because they share on or more common characterisitcs

forming- the first stage in group development, characeterized by uncertainty

storming- the second stage in group development characterized by intragroup conflict

Norming- the third stage in group development, characterized by close relationships and cohesiveness

Performin- fourth stage in group development , during whihc the group is fully functional

adjourning- the final stage in group development for temp groups, characterized by concern with wrapping up activities rather than task performance.

• 1. their first meeting sets the groups direction
• 2. this first phase of group activity is one of inertia
• 3. a transition takes place at the end of this phase , which occurs exactly when the group has used up half its alloted time
• 4. A transition initates major changes
• 5. a second phase of inertia follows the transition
• 6. the groups last meeting is characterized by makedly accelerated activity.

role expectations- are the way others believe you should act in a given context.

an unwriteen agreement that exists between employees and employers.

• What happens when role expectations implied in the psychological contact are not met?
• IF MANAGAMENT IS DERELICT IN KEEPING ITS PART OF THE BARGAIN, WE CAN EXPECT NEGATIVE REPRRUCSSIONS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AND SATISFACTION.

• Philip Zimbardo and his associates
• created a prison in the basement of the stanford psychology building.
• hired at 15 dollars a day two dozen emotionally stable student randomly assigned.
• stopped after 6 days

conformity can have on an individual members judgement was demonstrated in a now classic studies by Solomon Asch.

• Groups generate more complete info and knowledge. several individuals groups bring more input as well
• more approaches
• more alternatives
• increased acceptance of a solution.
• increase diversity views
• more acceptance of solution

• groups typically take more time to reach a solution
• conformity pressure
• group decision can be dominatedby one or few members
• ambigious responsibility

• we can view group polarization as a special case of groupthink.
• (pg 298)