Anthro Exam #2 (1-20)

the diversification of an ancestral group of organisms into new forms that are adapted to different environmental niches

tree-dwelling

predominant theory; evolution if behavior; ecological selection-agents of selection; behavior is treated as a complex trait; behaviors selected for or against; some behaviors increase fitness

relative dating method that uses the association of fossils in strata to determine each layes possible age; comparing the age of animals; relative position of fauna

pygmy chimps; knuckle walkers; sexual dimorphism; longer legs; differently shaped chests; Africa

arm-swinging

absolute dating method; sites within past 50,000 years; emission of radioactive particles measured and ratio compared

subcategory of the haplorhines; owm; apes; humans; narrow noses, sexual dimorphism, no prehensile tails, ischial callosities (butt pads); visual estrus (female advirtisment of her reproductivity)

knucle walkers; terrestrial & arboreal; sexual dimorphism; tool use; cooperative hunting; equatorial Africa; great apes

relays information such as emotional state, environment, predators, & territory; body postures; facial expressions; vocalizations; displays; intentional and unintentional

chronomatic dating method that uses tree-ring count to determine numerical age

the numerical description of a species teeth, listing the number, in one quadrant of the jaws, of incestors, canines, premolars, and molars

refers to those organisms that are normally awake and cative during daylight hours

have access to resources; males dominant to females; separate heirarchies by sex; learned and inherited; influenced by sex, age, aggressiveness; importance varies; provides stability

a relative (chemical) dating method that compares the accumulation of fluorine in animal and human bones from the same site

part of the lesser apes; brachiation; long fingers and arms; no sexual dimorphism; smallest apes

a genus of Miocene ponigids from Asia; the largest primate that ever lived