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psychoactive drug
any substance that directly alters the normal functioning of the central nervous system
can include compulsive behaviors (eg. gambling) that do the same
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1. uppers
2. downers
3. all arounders
- 1. stimulants
- 2. depressants
- 3. psychedelics
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examples of uppers
cocaine, amphetamines, amphetamine congeners, plant stimulants, look-alike stimulants, caffeine, and nicotine (pg 1.36)
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physical effects of uppers
energized muscles, increased alertness, insomnia, inc heart rate and blood pressure, dec appetite
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mental/ emotional effects of uppers
feel more confident, excited, outgoing, and eager to perform. cause a rush or a high. jitters, anxiety, anger, rapid speech, agressiveness
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4 categories of downers
- 1. opiates and opioids
- 2. sedative-hypnotics
- 3. alcohol
- 4. others
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physical effects of downers
slows heart rate and respiration, relaxes muscles, dec coordination, induces sleep, dulls the senses, and diminishes pain.
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mental/ emotional effects of downers
- initially, lower inhibitions thus inducing freer behavior
- as more is taken, relaxing and dulling mind, diminshing anxiey, controlling some neuroses
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5 categories of all arounders
- 1. indoles (LSD)
- 2. phenylalkylamines (MDMA)
- 3. anticholinergics (belladonna)
- 4. cannabinoids (marijuana)
- 5. others (ketamine)
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physical effects of all arounders
- nausea and dizziness.
- weed: inc appetite, eyes=bloodshot
- LSD: raises blood pressure, sweating
- Ecstasy and LSD: act like stimulant
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mental/emotional effects of all arounders
distort sensory messages to and from the brain stem. therefore, external stimuli are intensified. can also have hallucinations and delusions.
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