chapter10 study guide

thick, parchment-like membrane that covers the heart

the potential space enclosed by the pericardial sac that is nearly filled by the presence of the heart

thin membrane that forms the outer surface of the heart

cardiac muscle

thin, inner lining of the heart

two thin-walled, upper chambers that receive incoming blood

two thick-walled, lower chambers that push blood out of the heart

two large veins that deposit blood into the right atrium

drains the heart into the right atrium

permit one-way flow of blood within the heart

blood associated with the lungs

the distribution of the aortic branches and the return of blood to the heart by way of veins

consists of vessels that arise from a small branch at the base of the aorta to supply the heart wall

cluster of cells in the right atrium; serves as the pacemaker of the heart

a second cluster of cells; relays the signal to the ventricles after a brief delay

cells that form a conduction pathway through the walls of the ventricles

ventricular contraction

ventricular relaxation

pressure differences produced by alternating states of systole and diastole; measured routinely to aid in diagnosis of heart and vascular disease

contraction of artery walls to reduce their diameter

relaxation of artery walls to increase their diameter

the smallest branches of arteries