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List the Innominate/Coxae bones of the Pelvis.
Where do they fuse?
They fuse at the acetabulum.
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What is ASIS and what does it stand for?
ASIS is the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine.
It is a landmark on the anterior of the Ilium on the Pelvis.
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What is the AIIS and what does it stand for?
AIIS is the Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine.
It is a landmark below the ASIS on the Pelvis.
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What are the PSIS and the PIIS?
The PSIS is the Posterior Superior Iliac Spine and it is a landmark on the posterior side of the Ilium.
The PIIS is the Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine. It is a landmark below the PSIS.
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What type of joints are sacroiliac joints?
Are they mobile?
Sacroiliac joints are diarthrodial synovial joints.
They are mobile.
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What is the symphysis pubis?
A synarthrodial fibrous joint with minimal movement, a fibrocartilaginous disc and a ligamentous capsule.
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What type of joint is the hip joint?
What is the acetabular labrum?
A ball-and-socket joint. This means it is very mobile and relatively stable.
The acetabular labrum is a ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum and deepens the hip socket.
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Iliofemoral Ligament
O: AIIS
I: Intertrochanteric Line
A: Prevents hyperextension
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Pubofemoral Ligament
O: Superior Pubic Ramus
I: Neck of femur
A: Prevents hyperabduction
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Ischiofemoral Ligament
O: Posterior Ischium
I: Greater trochanter
A: Prevents hyperadduction
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Ligamentum Teres
Small ligament that holds femur to acetabulum
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Illiacus
O: Iliac Fossa
I: Lesser trochanter
A: Hip Flexion
Innervation: Femoral n.
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Psoas Major
O: Anterior Aspect of vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter
A: Hip flexion; trunk flexion
Innervation: L2-L3 directly
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Sartorius
O: ASIS
I: Anteromedial tibia via the pes anserine tendon
A: Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation (and knee flexion, internal rotation of the tibia)
Innervation: Femoral n.
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Rectus Femoris
*Only quadraceps muscle to cross hip
O: AIIS
I: Patellar Tendon
A: Hip flexion, knee extension
Innervation: Femoral n.
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Gluteus Maximus
O: Sacrum; Superior gluteal line of ilium
I: Greater trochanter (IT band)
A: Hip extension and external rotation
Innervation: Inferior Gluteal n.
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Gluteus Medius
O: Iliac Crest, ilium between superior and middle gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter
A: Hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: Inferior gluteal n.
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Gluteus Minimus
O: Posterior ilium between middle and inferior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter
A: Hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: Superior gluteal n.
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Tensor Fascia Latae
O: Anterior Iliac Crest
I: IT band
A: Hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation (also knee extension)
Innervation: Superior gluteal n.
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Name the 6 deep external rotators.
- - Piriformus
- - Quadratus Femoris
- - Superior Gemellus
- - Inferior Gemellus
- - Obturator Internus
- - Obterator Externus
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Pectineus
O: Anterior Pubic Ramus
I: Lesser trochanter, linear aspera
A: Hip flexion, adduction, lateral rotation
Innervation: Femoral n. (only adductor not supplied by the obdurator n.)
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Inguinal Ligament
Separates the abdominal cavity from the lower leg. Makes up superior border of femoral triangle.
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What is the femoral triangle and what are the borders?
The femoral triangle is the area in which all the blood supply to the lower leg passes.
- - Inguinal ligament
- - Sartorius
- - Adductor longus
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