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When is fatigue most common in pregnancy?
During the 1st and 3rd trimester this is common in pregnancy?
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Name some remedies for fatigue in pregnancy? (4)
- 1) Rest
- 2) Reassurance that this is normal
- 3) Encourage adequate fluid and nutritional intake
- 4) Correct anemia if present
These are 4 remedies for what in pregnancy
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Insomnia can occure throughout pregnancy, what are some remedies? (4)
- 1) Regular sleep/wake schedual
- 2) Encourage relaxation before bedtime
- 3) Minimize caffeine consumption
- 4) Reduce fluid intake near bedtime
These are common remedies for what in pregnancy?
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Emotional lability can occure throughout pregnancy, what are some remedies? (4)
- 1) Reassurance
- 2) Support
- 3) Encourage adequate activity, rest, and nutrition
- 4) Screen for depresson/mood disorders
These are common remedies for what in pregnancy?
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Hot flushes occure throughout pregnancy but worsen when?
_______ _______ worsen in the early postpartum period.
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Name some remedies for hot flushes. (3)
- 1) Dress in layers
- 2) Wear loose clothing
- 3) maintain adequate fluid intake
These are all remedies for what pregnancy condition?
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What's the cause of unrinary frequency in pregnancy and when is it most common?
______ ______ in pregnancy is caused by bladder compression and is it most common in the 1st and 3rd trimester.
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Name some remedies for urinary frequency in pregnancy. (4)
- 1) Decrease fluid intake 2-3 hr before bedtime
- 2) Limit caffeinated beverages
- 3) Reassure that it's normal
- 4) Teach to report any pain or bunrning during urination because of increased risk for for UTIs.
These are some remedies for what in pregnancy?
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Although the cause of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is unkown, what are some possible causes?
Elevated hCG, estrogen , progesterone, and B6 deficiency are all possible causes of what in pregnancy?
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Name some remedies for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. (7)
- 1) Small, frequent snacks
- 2) Keep food and fluids separate
- 3) Aviod brushing teeth immediately after eating
- 4) avoid sudden movement
- 5) Increase starches/ decrease greasy, fatty foods
- 6) *** Vit B12, 12.5- 25 mg tid-qid
- 7) *** Can add doxylamine 12.5 mg to each dose
These are all remedies for what in pregnancy?
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Morning sickness effects about ___% of pregnancies but usually dissapper around when?
______ _____ effects about 80% of pregnancies but usually dissapper around the first trimester.
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What three things differ in hyperemesis gravidarum over normal moring sickness?
- 1) Persistent uncontrollable nausea and vomiting
- 2) Persists beyond the 20th week
- 3) Weight loss beyond 5% of prepregnany weight
These 3 things differ in what condition over regular morning sickness?
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Hyperemesis gravidarum can result in (4).
- 1) Dehydration
- 2) Metabolic acidosis form starvation
- 3) Alkalosis from loss of stomach acid
- 4) Hypokalemia
These things can result from what disorder of pregnancy?
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Whats the etiology of hyperemesis gravidarum? (3)
- 1) High levels of HCG and estrogen ( serum concentrations rise because of decreased fluid intake)
- 2) Vit B6 deficiency
- 3) Psychological stress increases symptoms
This is the etiology of what dissorder in pregnancy?
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What's the managment goal in hyperemesis gravidarum?
The management goal of what dissorder in pregnancy is to maintain comfort and hydration?
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What are some dietary changes for treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum? (8)
- 1) Avoid noxious stimuli such as strong flavors or odors
- 2) Small, frequent meals throughout the day
- 3) Separate fluids from solids at meals
- 4) Avoid reclining immediately after meals
- 5) Avoid fatty foods
- 6) Increase intake of carbonated drinks
- 7) Peppermint or ginger tea
- 8) High protein supplement drinks
These are all dietary changes for the treatment of what dissorder in pregnancy?
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What are some lifestyle changes for treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum? (4)
- 1) Increase fresh air exposure
- 2) Aviod fatigue and stress
- 3) Avoid tight waistbands
- 4) Accupressure
These are all lifestyle changes for what disorder in pregnancy?
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Name some meds used in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum? (7)
- 1) Pyridoxine (B6), Doxylamine
- 2) Promethazine (Phenergan)
- 3) Metoclopramide (Reglan)
- 4) Ondansetron (Zofran)
- 5) Corticosteroids (sometimes used if pt unresponsive to other meds)
- 6) IV rehydration ( if unable to tolerate PO fluids)
- 7) Enteral or parenteral nutrition in some cases
These are all meds used in the treatment of what pregnancy disorder?
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What's a common side effect of Ondansetron (Zofran)?
Constipation is a common side effect of that drug used in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum.
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Constipation can happen throughout pregnancy. What's the cause?
Decreased intestinal motility secondary to increased progesterone levels is the cause of what complication throughout pregnancy?
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What are some remedies for constipation during pregnancy? (3)
- 1) Increase fluids ( at least 8 glasses a day)
- 2) Increase fiber by 15% (dietary or Metamucil)
- 3) Exercise
These things can be done to treat what compliction of pregnancy?
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What are some treatments for heartburn during pregnancy? (4)
- 1) Small, frequent meals
- 2) Avoid drinking fluids at mealtime
- 3) Avoid recling after meals
- 4) Avoid constricting clothing
These are all treatments for whar complication of pregnancy?
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What are some things to help eleviate gas/bloating during pregnancy? (4)
- 1) Avoid foods identified as triggers
- 2) Walking/ moderate exercise
- 3) Increase fluid intake
- 4) Reduce carbonated fluids, chewing gum, smoking, and cheese
These are all things to help eleviate what complication of pregnancy?
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Hemorrhoids ussually occur when during pregnancy?
________ usually occur during late pregnancy and early postpartum?
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Name some remedies for hemorrhoids during pregnancy? (7)
- 1) Avoid constipation
- 2) Ice packs
- 3) Warm bath or sitz bath
- 4) Witch hazel compress (Tucks)
- 5) Elevate hips and lower extremities during rest periods throughout the day
- 6) Kegal exercises
- 7) Ask prescribing provider about OTC and perscription remedies
These are all remadies for what complication in pregnancy?
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When does back pain usually show up in pregnancy?
_____ pain usually shows up in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
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Whats the cause of back pain in pregnancy?
The center of gravity shifts to in response to the growing uterus leading to muscle strain. This causes what in pregnancy
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What are some remedies for back pain in pregnancy? (5)
- 1) Frequent positional changes
- 2) Heat applications to the small of the back
- 3) Lower back support when sitting
- 4) Correct posture
- 5) Low-heeled shoes with good arch support
These are all remedies for what in pregnancy?
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Hyperventilation and dyspnea can occure when during pregnancy?
They can occure throughout preganancy.
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Name some remedies for hyperventilation and dyspnea during pregnancy. (3)
- 1) Encourage good posture
- 2) Encourage patient to stand and stretch, taking a deep breath, periodically throughout the day
- 3) Suggest sleeping with head in a semi-elevated position
These are all remedies for _______ and _____ during pregnancy
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What are some remedies for nasal and sinus congetion/nosebleeds during pregnancy. (2)
- 1) cool- air humnidifier
- 2) Saline sparay or drops
These things are remedies for what complication of preganncy?
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Round ligament pain usually happens when during pregnancy?
_______ ______ pain usually happens in the 2nd and 3rd trimester during pregnancy, but can happen during the 1st.
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Remedies for round ligament pain during pregnancy? (4)
- 1) Bend toward pain
- 2) Lie on side and flex knees to abdomen
- 3) Warm baths or compresses
- 4) Maternity support belt
these are all remedies for what during pregnancy?
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Barxton-Hicks Contractions usually happen when during pregnancy?
_________ Contractions usually happen during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy
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What is the cause of Barxton-Hicks Contractions?
Irregular contractions of the uterus is the cause of what during pregnancy?
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What are some remedies for Barxton-Hicks Contractions? (4)
- 1) Reassurance
- 2) Encourage adequate fluid intake
- 3) Rest or position changes often remedy
- 4) Patient teaching for signs of preterm labor
These are remedies for what complication during pregnancy?
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What are the causes of leg cramps during pregnancy? (3)
- 1) Increased pressure of the gravid uterus on the pelvic nerves?
- 2) Inadequate calcium and magnesium
- 3) Sudden stretching of muscles?
These are causes of what complication during pregnancy?
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Name some remedies for leg cramps during pregnancy. (5)
- 1) Stretch the muscle by dorsiflexing the foot up toward the body
- 2) Avoid excessive walking, leg stretching, toe pointing
- 3) Low-heeled shoes, support hose
- 4) Heat applications
- 5) 8 glasses fluid/day
These are all remedies for what complication of pregnancy?
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Name some causes of varicosites/hemorrhoids during pregnancy. (3)
- 1) Increased venous stasis caused by pressure of the gravid uterus
- 2) Vasodilation caused by increased progesterone levels
- 3) Genetics
These are all causes of what complications of pregnancy?
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What are some remedies for varicosites/hemorrhoids during pregnancy? (6)
- 1) Support hose
- 2) Leg elevation
- 3) Frequent position changes
- 4) Exercise
- 5) Spending time submerged in a pool
- 6) For hemorrhoids: minimize constipation, sitz baths, Tucks pads
These are remedies for what complications of pregnancy?
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What is the cause of dependent edema in pregnancy
Increased capillary permeability caused by elevated hormone levels and increased blood volume is the cause of what complication of pregnancy?
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Name some remedies for dependent edema in pregnancy. (7)
- 1) Elevate legs above the level of the heart
- 2) Frequent position changes
- 3) Support hose
- 4) Walking
- 5) Rest on the left (or right) side rather than supine
- 6) Avoid excessive sodium, sugars and fats
- 7) 8 glasses fluid/day
- These are all remedies for what complication of pregnancy?
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