Anthropolgy.txt

the acquisition of food by hunting, fishing, or the gathering of plant matter.

A ridge of bone located at the sagittal suture along the midline of the cranium. The more highly developed the sagittal crest, the more highly developed the masticatory muscles are. Appears in gorillas and orangutans, and in some human and primate ancestors.

The way primates groom each other. This functions as a bonding for two members of a social group, a calming process for a primate that is being groomed, or an appeasement for the primate that is higher in dominance.

Large, sharp teeth in the upper region of the mouth. All primates have 1 canine per quadrant in their dentition.

Primate mothers invest a lot of time and energy in caring for each of their offspring. This increases the chances of their species' survival.

Thumbs that can touch each of the 4 fingertips enabling a grasping ability.

Primates have a reduced reliance on sense of smell. But prosimians continue to rely on a well-developed sense of smell.

Throughout their evolutionary history primates have developed color vision. This is crucial for spotting insects and other prey within the surrounding vegetation.

• New world: Cebids and Marmosets
• Old world: Baboons and Macaques, Colobuses and Langurs, Guenons and Mangabeys

Anthropoidea with humans and apes

A member of the prosimians that are terrestrial and arboreal.

Superfamily of lemuriforms

A member of the old world monkeys

Genus cercopithecinae.

A member of the new world monkeys

Subfamily cebidae, superfamily platyrrhini

Prosimii (prosimians) and Anthropoidea (monkeys, apes, humans)

Tails that act as a kind of hand for support in trees, common in new world monkeys.

A member of the great apes

Superfamily hominoidea

A behavior that benefits others while being a disadvantage to the individual

The way primates are ranked in terms of dominance.

Chimps use tools so they are considered to have culture.

Discovered in December 1933, Miss Waldron's Red Colobus is a subspecies of the Western Red Colobus native to West Africa. It has not been officially sighted since 1978 and was considered extinct in 2000. However, new evidence suggests that a very small number of these monkeys may be living in the southeast corner of Ivory Coast.

A lowland gorilla who is able to understand more than 1,000 signs based on American Sign Language,[1] and understand approximately 2,000 words of spoken English.

Primate parents provide prolonged care for fewer but smarter, more socially complex, and longer-lived offspring

Walking on all four legs

Movement by swinging, often through the trees.

Muscles involved in chewing.

Primates that are alone.

A scientist that lived with chimpanzees and observed them to document their behaviors and everyday life.

Physical traits that enable an organism to live in trees.

A precise grip in which the tips of the fingers and thumbs come together, enabling fine manipulation.

Primates' eyes rotated forward from the sides of the head to the front of the head, resulting in the 2 fields of vision overlapping thus creating depth perception. Also they developed color vision.

Gibbons, orangutans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas.

Catarrhini infraorder with humans and old world monkeys

Basically another name for bipedalism (walking upright).

The more primitive primates.

A suborder of primates

A member of the lesser apes

Subfamily hylobatidae

New world monkeys. Platyrrhine nostrils are wound and separated by a wide nasal septum.

Superfamily under the anthropoidea, arboreal

The higher primates. They have larger brains, they are more dimorphic sexually in body size and other anatomical characteristics, they have fewer teeth, their eyes are convergent and enclosed by a continuous ring of bone, and they see in color.

Nostrils that are close together and point downward.

Infraorder that categorizes hominoidea and cercopithecoidea

The males have the bigger canines

Females compete with each other for resources that enable them to care for young.

Primate brains are large and complex.

Some primates have to vocalize at night since sometimes they cannot see each other.

The killing of a juvenile.

Experiments to see if Apes can understand humans.

A form of movement by arm-swinging.