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Low pH of plasma. An abnormal buil-up of hydrogen ions in the blood.
Acidemia
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A pH less than normal.
Acidosis
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Ordering frequency abbreviations Q2, Q4, Qid, Bid, Tid, QD etc.
Q2: Every two, Q4: Every four, Qid: Every four times a day, Bid: Twice a day, Tid: Three times a day, QD: Every day or once a day QID=4x/day,TID 3x/day,BID=2x/day, QOD=1 everyother day, Q4h=every 4 hours
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High pH of plasma. An abnormal decrease in they hydrogen ion concentration of the blood.
Alkalemia
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A pH elevated above normal.
Alkalosis
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Occurs when the portion of the tidal volume (VT) that does not come into contact with blood flow is increased.
Dead Space Ventilation
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Abnormal elevation of PaCO2.
Hypercapnia
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Abnormal elevation of arterial CO2 levels.
Hypercarbnia
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Abnormal decrease of PaCO2.
Hypocapnia
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Abnormal decrease of arterial CO2 levels.
Hypocarbnia
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An abnormal reduction in the partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood.
Hypoxemia
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A lack of oxygen.
Hypoxia
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A decrease in pH resulting from elevation of the arterial PCO2.
Respiratory Acidosis
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An increase in pH from a desrease in arterial PCO2.
Respiratory Alkalosis
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The maximum amount of air the patient exhales after a fall, deep inspiration.
Forced Vital Capacity
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Adding two or more of the lung volumes together results in _________.
Lung Capacity
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Are clinically useful measurements of lung function such as VT, IRV, or ERV.
Lung Volumes
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The vlume of air inhaled or exhaled in 1 min.
Minute Volume (VE)
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A piece of equipment that measures a patient's airflows and volumes of gas moved over time.
Spirometer
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Apiece of equipment that measures a patient's airflows and volumes of gas moved over time and is capable of displaying the information in graphic form.
Spirograph
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The tracing produced by a spirograph.
Spirogram
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These studies provide vital Info. about the patient's cardiopulmonary status. They measure the ability of the lungs to put O2 into, and remove CO2 from, the blood.
Arterial blood gas
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In the ABG test this is also analyzed. is often important to evaluate in the patient w/ cardiopulmonary disease.
Acid-Base status
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What is the common site where and ABG is drawn?
radial artery
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How do you transport and ABG?
in an ice bath
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What must be removed from the blood sample before it is sent for analysis?
air bubbles
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How long should you compress the site from and ABG draw?
5-10mins
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means the partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood.
PaO2
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reflects the ability of the lungs to allow the transfer of O2 from the enviroment to the circulating blood.
PaO2
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will be affected with diffusion defect and by overall hypoventilation and may lead to hypoxemia
PaO2
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is a PaO2 below the predicted or normal range
Hypoxemia
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Means SaO2
Oxygen saturation
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is an index of the actual amount of O2 bound to hemoglobin expressed as a percentage of the total capacity and can be determined only from a co-oximeter.
SaO2
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What is CaO2
Arterial oxygen content
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is a function of the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin and dissolved in the plasma.
CaO2
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O2 assesment involves two basic steps.
The measurement provided by ABGs and the patient's tissue oxygenation status.
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O2 in the blood i primarily bound to?
Hb
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A smaller portion of O2 compaired to the Hb is carried by?
Blood plasma
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SaO2 represents what?
the amount of O2 bound to Hb
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Is the measurement of the pressure or tention of oxygen in the plasma of the arterial blood,
PaO2
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PaO2 reflects the ability of the lungs to allow the transfer of O2 from the enviroment to _______?
the circulatting blood
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Normal PaO2 is based on three things, what are they?
Barometric pressure, Age, and FiO2
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As age increases the efficientcy of the lungs to oxygenate the blood is ___?
reduced
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The Formula for PaO2.
FiO2(PB-PH2O)-(PaCO2X1.25)
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One of the causes of hypoxemia, occurs in most patientswhen th inhaled gas does not match up with pulmonary cpillary blood flow.
V/Q mismatch
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