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Who was the first person to identify cells and when?
robert hooke, 1665
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What did Robert Hooke examine?
A thin peice of cork
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What ws Anton van Leewenhoek's contrabution to the discovery of the cell?
Drew first images of the cell
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What is the size of a molecule
1nm
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what is the size of a cell membrane
5nm
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what is the size of a viruse?
10-100nm
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what is the size of a bactiria?
1um
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what is the size of a orgonell?
up to 10um
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what is the size of a eukaryotic cell?
10-100um
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What are the three parts to the cell theory?
- 1) all living things are composed of cells
- 2)Cells are the basic unit of structure and functions in living things
- 3)New cells are produced from preexisting cells
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What was Mathias Schleden's contrubution to the cell theory? and when?
Concluded all plants have cells in 1838
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what was Theodor Schwann's contrubutin to the cell theory? and when?
concluded all animals have cells
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What was Rudolph Vichow's contrubution to the cell theory? and when?
concluded all cells come from preexsisting cells in 1855
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Provide 3 reasons why prokaryotic cells have to be so small
- 1) Nutriants cant get to the center fast enoph
- 2)wastes cant get out fast enoph
- 3)To much demand of DNA
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Describe a cell membrane
thin flexable barrier around the cell
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Discribe genetic info.
DNA- ccontrols cell structure and function
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Discribe Cytoplasm
matireal inside membrane excluding genetic info.
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list 5 main features of prokaryotes
- 1)generally small
- 2)Do not contain a newclus
- 3) DNA usually in circular loop
- 4)Earliest known cell
- 5)all bakteria is considered prokaryotic
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what are 3 shapes of Prokaryotes
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what does a fagellum do
controls movement
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what does a rhibasome do
protien synthesis
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what do pilli do
DNA transfer
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what do nucleiod do
Region containing closed loop DNA
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What does the plasma membrane do
controls exit and entry of substances
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what are the 3 main features on a eukaryotic cell
- 1)contain a nucleus
- 2)Contain orgonell
- 3)mabey unicellular or multicellular
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Define orgonell
preform spisific functions
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what does a cell wall do
supports the cell and is around the membrane
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what is the Cytoskeleton
helps the cell maintain its shape and helps with movement
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what does a rhibasome do
were proteins are asembeled
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what does the rough ER do
were lipid components are assembled
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what does the golgi apparatis do
modifies,sorts, and packages protiens from the ER
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what does lysosome do
breaks down lipids,carbs, and finishes off cells
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what does a vacule do
storeage
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what is chloropast
captures sunlight and converts into food
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what does mitocondria do
converts food into other material
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what orgonells are only found in plant cell
cell wall and chloroplast
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what orgonells are only found in animal cells
lysosomes, centrials, and cilla
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what are 3 examples of passive transport
- 1)diffusion
- 2)osmosis
- 3)pacilicated diffusion
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why have biologist identified levels of orgonisation
to make it easier to classify and discribe the cells within the orgonism
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difine diffusion
molocules move from high consintration to low
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difine osmosis
diffusion of water across the cell membrane
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hypertonic
Where is the solute consentration the highest?
Direction of the water?
What happens to the size of the cell?
- outside the cell
- moves out
- shrinks
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Hypotonic
Where is the solute consentration the highest?
Direction of the water?
What happens to the size of the cell?
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Isotonic
Where is the solute consentration the highest?
Direction of the water?
What happens to the size of the cell?
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difine facilitated diffusion
larger molocules move from high conentration to low consentration
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what is tugor pressure?
force exerted by the cell wall pushing water
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what is plasmolysis?
water leaves the cell?
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Define active transport
movemnt of cells across the cell membrane from low to high consentration
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what does active transport require?
energy
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what is Sodium potassium pump?
transports ions against the consentration
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Why must the animal cell maintain a higher conentration of Na outside the cell and K inside the cell
to function normally
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define endocytosis?
cell dijest ver large particals
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define exocytosis and what it is used for
revers on endocytosis and dilivers proteins
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