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Vitamin A deficiency
Impaired night vision, blindness, follicular hyperkeratosis, pneumonia, growth retardation, renal calculi
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Vitamin A toxicity
Papilledema and seizures, hepatitis, bone pain
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Vitamin D deficiency
Craniotabes, rachitis rosary, osteomalacia, tatnus
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Vitamin D toxicity
Hypercalcemia w metastatic calcification, renal calculi
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Vitamin E Deficiency
Hemolytic anemia, peripheral neuropathy, degen of post column and spinocerebellar tract
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Vitamin E toxicity
Anticoagulation (synergistic with warfarin)
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Vitamin K deficiency
hemorrhagic disease of newborns, GI bleeding, ecchymoses, inc PTT, PT
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Vitamin K toxicity
Hemolytic anemia and jaundice
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Thiamine deficiency
- Dry berberi (periph neuropathy)
- Wernicke's (ataxia, confusion, nystagmus, mamillary body hemorrhage)
- Korsakoff: antegrade and retrograde amnesia, demyelination in limbic
- Wet Beriberi: congestive cardiomyopathy w biventricular failure
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Riboflavin (B2) deficiency
Corneal neovascularization, glossitis, cheilosis, angular stomatitis
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Niacin deficiency
Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)
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Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency
Sideroblastic anemia, convulsions, peripheral neuropathy
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Cobalamin (B12) deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia, neurologic disease, glossitis
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Folic acid deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia, NO neuro sx, glossitis
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Biotin deficiency
Dermatitis, alopecia, lactic acidosis
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Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) deficiency
Weak capillaries and venules, skin ecchymoses, perifollicular hemorrhage, corkscrew hairs, anemia, hemarthrosis, bleeding gumes, loosened teeth, glossitis, poor wound healing
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Zn deficiency
poor wound healing, dysgeusia (no taste), anosimia (no smell), perioral rash, hypogonadism, growth retardation
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Selenium deficiency
- (glutathione)
- muscle pain and weakness, dilated cardiomyopathy
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Iodide deficiency
thyroid enlargement (goiter), hyperthyroidism
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