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RBC
- Erythrocytes
- 4,200,000 - 6,100,000mm
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Erythropoietin
Cytokine made by the kidneys that stimulates the proliferation of RBC's
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Erythropoiesis
formation of RBC's
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Neutrophils
- infection
- stress
- inflammation
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Basophils
- allergies
- inflammation
- tissue injury
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Lymphocytes
- viral infection
- auto immune diseases
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Monocytes
- tissue damage (2nd)
- inflammation
- infection
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Platelets
- 150,000 - 400,000
- clotting function
- life span 1-2wks
- 20% stored in spleen
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Hemoglobin- Female
12-16 g/dl
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Hemoglobin- Males
14-18 g/dl
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Hematocrit (cell/soln)- Female
37-47%
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Hematocrit (cell/soln) - Male
42-52%
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Bleeding time
1-9 minutes
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Anemia S/S
Integumentary?
- pallor
- cool to touch
- cold intolerance
-
Anemia S/S
Cardiovascular?
- Tachycardia
- orthostatic hypotension
- murmurs & gallops when severe
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Anemia S/S
Respiratory?
- Dyspnea on exertion
- Decreased O2 Sat levels
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Anemia S/S
Neurologic?
- Inc somnolence & fatigue
- headache
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Iron Deficiency Anemia
- anemia resulting from a greater demand on stored iron than can be supplied
- b/c of diet malabsorption, blood loss, hemolysis
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Iron Deficiency Anemia S/S
- headache
- inflammation of tongue
- inflammation of lips (cheilitis)
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Cobalamin Deficiency
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- lack of intrinsic factor
- pernicious anemia
-
Cobalamin Deficiency S/S
- sore tongue
- N/V
- weakness
- paresthesia of feet and hands
- ataxia
- confusion
- pallor
-
Aplastic Anemia
deficiency of RBC
-
Aplastic Anemia S/S
- confusion
- infection
- bleeding
- easy bruising
- fatigue
- weakness
- nosebleeds
- rapid HR
- SOB
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Polycythemia
increased production of RBC's causing impaired circulation due to increased blood viscosity
-
Polycythemia S/S
- hepatomegaly
- spleenomegaly
- intermittent claudication
- pain
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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- autoimmune disease that causes abnormal platelet destruction
- pt. bleeds
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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- formation of micro-thrombi/platelets that deposit in arterioles and capillaries resulting in few platelets in circulation
- pt. clots
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Thrombocytopenia S/S
- petechiae
- ecchymoses
- prolonged bleeding after routine procedures
- hemorrhage
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Neutropenia collaborative care
- alert for minor complaints (sore throat, diarrhea, fever)
- antibiotics
- strict handwashing
- private room
- avoid fresh fruit and vegetables, flowers
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