Anatomy Lab

Brain and spinal cord enclosed in bony coverings

Nerves and ganglion

Bundle of nerve fibers in connective tissue

Swelling of cell bodies in a nerve

• Perikaryon= soma
• Single, central nucleus with large nucleolus

For receiving signals

Nerve fiber arising from axon hillock for rapid conduction

• Wrap around axons
• Contain myelin
• Forms myelin sheath- increased speed
• - White matter is myelinated
• - Gray matter is unmyelinated

Have synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitter

Have receptors

• Clear liquid fills ventricles and canals and bathes its external surface (in subarachnoid space)
• Goes into ventricles from choroid plexus

• Buoyancy- floats brain so it's neutrally buoyant
• Protection- cushions from hitting inside of skull
• Chemical stability- rinses away wastes

Toward the forehead

Toward the cord

• Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
• Weighs 3- 3.5

83% of brain volume

• Contains 50% of the neurons
• Connected to brainstem by cerebellar peduncles
• White matter (arbor vitae) visible in sagittal section
• Sits atop the 4th ventricle

Diencephalon, cerebral peduncles, pons, medulla oblongata

• Cerebrum
• Corpus callosum
• Diencephalon

Pineal gland, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, mammillary bodies

• Cerebral peduncles
• Superior and inferior colliculi

• Pons
• Medulla oblongata
• Cerebellum

• Separates 2 cerebral hemispheres
• -Gyri are the folds and sulci the grooves
• -Surface layer of gray matter is called cortex; deeper masses of gray matter are called nuclei
• -Bundles of axons are called tracts; cerebral medulla

3mm layer of gray matter with extensive folds to increase surface area- divided into lobes

Contains voluntary motor functions and areas for planning, mood, smell and social judgement

Contains areas for sensory reception and integration of sensory information

Visual center of brain

Contains areas for hearing, smell, learning, memory, emotional behavior

• Bulge in the brainstem, rostral to the medulla
• Nuclei concerned with sleep, hearing, balance, taste, eye movements, facial expression, facial sensation, respiration, swallowing, nladder control, and posture