which of the following elements makes protein different from carbohdrates and fats?
nitrogen
how many amino acids are essential?
9 essential amino acids
a/an ___ bond connect the acid end of one amino acid with that of another forming a link in a protein chain
peptide
____ ____ is responsible for converting the inactive form of pepsinogen to its active form, pepsin in the stomach
hydrochloric acid
instructions for making every protein in a persons body are stored in the ?
DNA
which of the following is a function of enzymes
all of these choices
during times of critical illness or protein malnutrition, plasma protein leaks out of the blood vessels into the tissue causing swelling.. the swelling is called
edema
the process____ is the making of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources such as amino acids
gluconeogenesis
an adequate supply of ____ and fats spare amino acids
carbohydrates
to prevent upsetting the acid base balance of the blood the liver combines amonia with ___to make urea
carbon dioxide
which of the following carbohydrates is not a monosaccharide
sucrose
which of the following monosaccharide combinations make up the lactose
glucose + galactose
____ is the sweetest sugars
fructose
which location along the GI tract is responsible for the most of the workof carbohydrate digestion
small intestine
which of the following locations in the body store glycogen?
muscles liver
all of these choices
when blood glucose falls the liver cells break down glycogen by ______reactions into single molecules of glucose and release them into the blood stream
hydrolysis
by following my pyramid and making careful food selections a typical adult can obtain all the needed nutrients within an allownace of about ___Kcalories
1500
diets rich in fiber may providfe which of the following health benefits
all of these choices
the DRI recommendation for the fiber intake is
25-35 grams per day
_____ contributes about half of the added sugars inthe US food ...accounts for about 10% if the average energy intake in the
fructose
which of the following elements is not part of various lipid compounds
nitrogen
in the body, trans fatty acids that derive from hydrogenation behave >>>------ fats
saturated
emulsifiers help mix fats with
water
which of the following is not a sterol compound found in the body
lecithin
fats are ___, meaning that they tend to seperate from the water tract
hydrophobic
of the locations which one is the site of the greatest amount of digestion
small intestines
the excretion of bile in the feces helps reduce
blood cholesterol
chylomicrons bypass which organ at first as they travel through the ___after being released from the intestinal cell
liver
this lipoprotein is responsible for removing cholesterol from cells ??? cholesterol back to the liver for recyling or disposal