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Why was there problems with the homeland?
- They were 3,000 miles away (ties loosen over time)
- Lonely wilderness(Britain tried to keep them tied to england)
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How did the colonies see themselves?
Equal with england bc each colont had its pwn legislature
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What was the lower house in the colonial legislature?
- It was elected by qualified voters
- Determined governers salary
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What was the upper house in the colonial legislature?
- It was appointed by the king
- Advised the governor
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Where were judges in the colonial legislatures?
- There are judges in each colonial legislature
- Appointed by the king
- Usually came from within the communities
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What was the jury's role in the court?
They had the final say
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How were governors established?
- Appointed by the king
- Often from england
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What does the Privy counsel in England do?
- Formulate colonial policy
- Looks at laws tht are passed
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What was the board of trade?
- Had to do with trade rules
- Nominated governors and other officials
- Most famous member was benjamin franklin
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What was the mercantilism between the colonies and England?
- Navigation Laws- any trade that is made has to be done on British ships
- Emlnumerated Articles- specific items must first be sent to england- most famous tobacco
- Banks- were not allowed to have banks
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What were the benefits of the mercantilism?
- Price supports- be payed fpr doing something for England
- Monopoly- tobacco
- Not being taxed
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What are Writs of Assistance?
- General warrants
- - allowing officials to search for smuggled materials
- - with in suspected premises
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Who is James Otis?
- An attny. General who didn't agree with the suspision
- He resigned his position
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What happened to england after the 7 year war?
Britain was in debt
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Who passed the sugar act? What was it?
- Prime minister George Grenville
- Increased tax on foriegn sugar (French W. Indies)
- First act passed to increase revenue in colonies
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What was the quartering act?
- Provides soldiers with housing and food
- The colonists resented that
- Will decrease tax
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What is the stamp act?
- A tax on most paper goods
- Had to pay and get a seal showing that you payed
- England payed more
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What are admiralty courts?
- No jury
- Violations of sugar and stamp act
- The burden of proof was on the defendants (guilty unyil proven innocent)
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What did the colonists begin to cry because of the taxes?
- No taxation without representation
- Volonists saod they wouldnt pay intil they could represent themselves in parliment
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What is virtual representation?
Every member of parliment represents the entire British empire
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What is actual representation?
An actual colonists would go to parliment
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What was the stamp act congress?
- Meets in NYC
- Sent the king notes asking to repeal stamp act
- Colonists boycotts on importing british goods to england (non importation agreements)
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What are the Sons of Liberty?
- They put pressure on folks not to collect stamp tax
- A more active group
- They tar and feather people who planned to pay
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What are the Daughters of liberty?
They made their own things that they would normally get from england
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What the stamp act was repealed, what act was made afterward? What did it mean?
- The declaratory act
- The brits have repealed the stamp act, but they have the right to tax colonies
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Who was the drunk prime minister?What did he tax?
- "Champagne Charley" Townsend
- Glass, lead, paper, and tea
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Who was Crispus Attucks?
A black man who died in the Boston Massacre for rights he didnt even have
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When the Boston Massacre occurred, who defended the colonists?
John Adams
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What did Townshend repeal after the Boston Massacre?
All acts except for tea
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Who is Samuel Adams?
- Penman of the Revolution
- Comitees of Correspondence
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Who is John Singleton Copley?
- The best portratists
- From Boston
- Painted peoplr as they actually looked
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What was the Gaspee Incident?
- A British custom ship
- Successful at catching smugglers
- Burned by Americans
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What was the British East India Company?
- The company Britain to save them from goin bankrupt
- England told colonists to buy only BRIC tea
- - even though the tea was cheeper the colonists didnt want to be told what to do
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What was the Boston Tea Party?
The colonists threw 300 boxes of tea off the ship
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What are the Intolerable/Coercive Acts?
- Boston Port is closed (until payed for tea)
- Restriction on town meetings
- If an eglishman brakes a law in the colonies, they will be tried in the mother pand
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What was the Quebec act?
- The French guaranteed Catholic religion
- Kept onl customs like no trial by jury or representation
- The old boudaries of quebec extended to Ohio River
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Who met in response to the intolerable acts?
- 1st Continental Congress
- Georgia didnt meet bc they were the last colony setteled
- There was still no desire toward independence
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Who was the British general? What was his goal?
- Thomas Gage
- To seize samuel adams and john Hancock at Lexington amd Concord
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Who warned the colonists of the Lexington and Concord attack?
Paul Revere and William Dawes
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Who wanted to be a historical painter?
John Singleton Copley
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What did lanterns hanging mean?
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Which town was attacked first?
Lexington and then Concord
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Who was James Otis?
- He was the basic intellectual foundation of the Revolution (taxation w/out representation is tyranny)
- First to take stand against british laws
- Died by lightening
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