-
pterygoid canal
- sphenoid b.
- v, a, n of the pterygoid canal (vidian n.)
-
pterygomaxillary suture
- sphenoid b.
- maxillary b.
- maxillary a. and vv.
-
pterygopalatine fossa
- sphenoid b.
- palatine b.
- V2, facial n., maxillary a.
-
-
supraorbital foramen
- frontal b.
- supraorbital v, a, n.
-
zygomaticofacial foramen
- zygomatic b.
- zygomaticofacial n.
-
zygomaticotemporal foramen
- zygomatic b.
- zygomaticotemporal n.
-
sphenopalatine foramen
- sphenoid b.
- palantine b.
- sphenopalatine a, v. and nasopalatine n.
-
incisive foramen
- maxilla b.
- greater palatine a.
- nasopalatine n.
-
internal acoustic meatus
- posterior cranial fossa
- temporal b.
- CN 7, 8, internal auditory a, v.
-
external acoustic/ auditiory meatus
- temporal b.
- auditory (Eustachian) tube, tensor tympani m.
-
carotid canal
- temporal b.
- internal carotid a., postganglionic sympathetic ganglion
-
alveolar foramen
- maxilla b.
- posterior superior alveolar v, a, n
-
cribriform plate
- ethmoid b.
- olfactory n. (CN 1)
- anterior cranial fossa
-
foramen caecum
- frontal b. and ethmoid b.
- emissary v.
-
mental foramen
- mandible b.
- mental v, a, n.
-
inferior orbital fissure
- sphenoid, palatine, maxilla, and zygomatic b.
- zygomatic n.
- infraorbital v, a, n.
- inferior ophthalmic v.
-
superior orbital fissure
- middle cranial fossa
- sphenoid b.
- superior ophthalmic vv.
- CN 3, 4, V1, 6
-
mandibular foramen
- mandible b.
- inferior alveolar v, a, n.
-
anterior ethmoid foramen
- ethmoid and frontal b.
- anterior ethmoidal v, a, n
-
posterior ethmoid foramen
- ethmoid and frontal b.
- posterior ethmoidal v, a, n.
-
foramen magnum
- occipital b.
- posterior cranial fossa
- contains: spinal cord, spinal root of spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), vertebral a, v., posterior and anterior spinal aa, vv.
-
hypoglossal canal (anterior condylar canal)
- posterior cranial fossa
- occipital b.
- hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
-
Jugular Foramen
- posterior cranial fossa
- occipital and temporal b.
- contains: IJV, CN 9, 10, 11, inferior petrosal sinus
-
optic foramen
- middle cranial fossa
- sphenoid b.
- optic n. (CN 2), ophthalmic a.
-
foramen rotundum
- middle cranial fossa
- sphenoid b.
- V2 (maxillary branch of trigeminal n. )
-
foramen ovale
- middle cranial fossa
- sphenoid b.
- V3, accessory meningeal a., lesser petrosal n.
-
foramen spinosum
- middle cranial fossa
- sphenoid b.
- middle meningeal a, v.
-
greater palatine foramen
- palatine b. and maxilla b.
- greater palatine v, a, n
-
lesser palatine foramen
- palatine b.
- lesser palatine v, a, n.
-
infraorbital foramen
- maxilla b.
- infraorbital v, a, n.
-
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