is chapter 4

• hardware
• software
• data management
• technology services
• networking and telecommunications technology

• types of servers
• applications
• databases
• disk
• fax
• mail
• print
• web
• file

• more sophisticated computer
• used in engineering, forecasting, military weapons
• parralel processing-the ability to run two or more tasks using multiple processors

virtual supercomputer

• centralized-processing done by one large central computer
• decentralized-division has its own computer for processing
• distributed-processing power is distributed among several locations

uses two types of machines-a client computer networked to serve a computer

balances load of network over several levels of servers

• machine that accepts data as input
• process data without humans
• outputs information

• CPU
• primary storage
• secondary storage
• communication devices

the smallest unit of information a computer can process

a group of right bits

• 8 bit
• ASCII

• 16 bit
• unicode

HW that interprets and executes the program(sw)

provide temporary storage where data resides where its being processed or manipulated

a small block of memory used by the processors to store instructions used recently

the time it takes to process one instruction

• measured in hertz
• speed of the internal clock at which time the operations can proceed

number of bits that can be processed by the cpu at one time

• semi conductor memory chips
• RAM, ROM

• saves data when computer is off
• archival storage

the computers primary working memory

a type of high speed memory that the cpu can access faster than memory

• read only memory
• nonvolatile

• records received in any order
• SASD

records can be retrieved in any order also called random access

holds 7 times more capacity than a cd

dedicated high speed network used to connect and manage shared storage devices of different types

designing and positioning computer equipment for employee health and safety

• small electronic device consisting of chip and antennea
• can be read from a distance of about 20 feet

firms and individuals obtain computing resources over the internet

• controls access to the HW
• -operating system software
• -language translators
• -utility software

• can provide a variety of tasks; used for specific information processing
• programming languages
• business systems

• assembler-sw program to convert 2nd generation program
• complier-sw to convert 3rd generation programs
• interpreter-similar to complier but instead of translataing entire source code, it reads executs one line of source code at a time during operation