BioPsychCh7

Amplitude of a sound wave is its intensity

Sensation related to amplitude but not identical to it

Number of compressions per second, Hz per second

• Related aspect of perception
• Higher frequency sounds are higher in pitch

Outer ear

• Eardrum
• Vibrates at same frequency as the sound waves thats strike it
• Connects to inner ear bones

Membrane of the inner ear

Snail-shaped structure that holds the scala vesibuli, scala media, scala tympani

Each frequency activates hair cells at one place lalong the basilar membrane

Basilar membrane vibrates in synchrony with a sound, causing auditory nerve axons to produce action potentials at the same frequency

Auditory nerve as a whole produces volleys of impulses for sounds up to avout 4,000 per second even though no individual axon approaches that frequency

• Sensation of the body and its movements is not one sense but many, including discriminative touch (which identifies the shape of an object)
• Deep pressue, cold, warmth, pain, itch, tickle..

Detects sudden displacements or high frequency vibrations on the skin

Each spinal nerve innervates or connects to a limited area of the body

• Chemical found in hot peppers
• stimulates pain receptors and responds to acids and heat

Dectects increases in intensity

• Systems that responds to opiate drugs and similar chemicals
• They bind to receptors in the spinal cord
• Bind to periaqueductal gray area in the midbrain
• Act by blocking the release of substance P

Transmiters that attach to the same receptors as morphine

Each receptor would respond to a limited range of stimuli, and the meaning would depend entirely on which neurons are active

Reflects the fatigue of receptors sensitive to sour tastes

Reduced response to one taste after exposure to another

Have the highest sensitivity to all tastes and mouth senesations

Sense of smell

• Responsible for smell
• Line olfactory epithelium

Experiecne of one sense in response to stimulation of a different sense