-
MI Symptomatic Drugs (3 classes)
- nitroglycerin
- Ca-channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine)
- beta blocker (propanolol)
-
Nitroglycerin
- MI drug - dec venous return via vasc SM relaxation
- treats: silent & variant angina
- toxicity: heart attack, hypotension
-
Ca-channel blockers (MI drug)
- verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine
- peripheral vasodilation
- treats: silent & variant angina
- toxicity: hypotension, edema
-
What does propanolol treat as a myocardial ischemia symptomatic drug?
- treats silent angina
-
4 Classes of drugs that decreases cholesterol levels
- statins
- resins
- niacin
- fibrates
-
Lovastatin
- statin drug to decrease chol.
- inhibits HMG-CoA reductase --> inhibits chol. synthesis
-
Cholestyramine
- resin drug to decrease chol.
- inhibits chol. reabsorption into gut --> excreted
-
Niacin
- drug to dec chol.
- dec VLDL release from liver
-
Gemfibrozil
- fibrate drug to dec chol.
- inc syn. of lipoprotein lipase --> breaks down VLDL --> chol removed from blood & deposited in tissue
-
Prophylactic drugs for MI (3 classes and examples of each)
- anticoagulant - warfarin
- fibrinolytic drugs
- anti-platelet - ibuprofen, dipyridamole, clopidogrel
-
Warfarin
- anticoagulant (MI) - prevents venous clotting
- inhibits vitamin k epoxide
-
Ibuprofen/aspirin
- anti-platelet drug (MI)
- inhibits COX & TxA2 formation --> inhibit fibrin clot formation
- toxicity: bleeding, GI ulcer
-
Dipyridamole
- anti-platelet drug (MI)
- competitive inhibitor for thromboxane synthetase --> inhibits TxA2 synthesis
-
Clopidogrel
- anti-platelet drug (MI)
- inhibits adenosine R --> inhibits platelet response
- toxicity: bleeding, rash
-
Heart Failure Drugs (5 classes and examples)
- 1. positive ionotropic drugs (cardiac glycosides)
- - digoxin
- 2. Diuretics
- - chlorothiazide, furosemide, spironolactone
- 3. Angiotensin antagonists
- - captopril, losartan
- 4. PDE inhibitors
- - theophylline, vardenafil
- 5. Vasodilators
- - nitroglycerin
-
Digoxin
- positive ionotropic drug/cardiac glycoside
- inhibits Na/K ATPase --> inc contractility
- activates PS effect --> dec HR
- - toxicity: arrhythmias, blur
-
Cholrothiazide, furosemid, spironolactone
- diuretics for Heart failure
- dec bv
- toxicity: hypokalemia
-
Captopril, Losartan
- angiotensin antagonists for heart failure
- ACEi --> dec ang II
- ARB --> comp. antagonist for AT1-R
-toxicity: renal damage
-
Theophylline, vardenafil
- PDE inhibitors (heart failure)
- inc cGMP --> vasodilation
-
Cardiac Arrhythmia Drugs (4 Classes & examples)
- Class I = Na channel blockers (lidocaine)
- Class II = B-blocker (propanolol)
- Class III = K channel blockers (amiodarone)
- Class IV = Ca channel blocker (verapamil, diltiazem)
-
Lidocaine
- class I drug for CA
- Na channel blocker
-
Propanolol (CA)
- class II CA drug
- slows AV conduction + dec HR& contractility
-
Amiodarone
- class III CA drug
- K channel blocker
- prolongs PR interval --> prolongs ventricular AP
** delays repolarization
-
Verapamil, Diltiazem
- Class IV CA drug
- Ca channel blocker
- slows AV conduction
- prolongs PR interval
|
|
