-
N. gonorrhoea
General Information
- Nonmotile
- Gram negative cocci
- Catalase+
- Oxidase+
- Ferment glucose
- STD- carried in nasopharynx, anus, genital tract
-
N. gonorrhoea
Lab ID
- Gram stain of pus/urethral discharge (95-100% effective)
- Gram stain of cervical sample (50-60% effective)
-
Selective & NonSelective Media
- Selective: Thayer-Martin Agar
- Non-Selective: Chocolate Agar
(Slow incubation time in lab: 36-48 hours)
-
Biochemical Tests of N. gonorrhoea
- Detection of acid produced from glucose
- Oxidase test
- PCR genetic probes
-
Disease of N. gonorrhoea
- Inflammation of genital organs
- Males: primary concern is urethritis
- Females: Often asymptomatic, but can cause problems later: pelvic inflammatory disease, filopean tube scarring, infertility
If enter bloodstream: dermatitis, arthritis
-
STDs often coinfections
ghonorhea & chlamydia often occur together
-
N. gonorrhoea Virulence Factors
- Pilli
- Lipo-oligosaccharide
- Transferrin (chelate iron)
- IgA protease
- por, opa, & rmp proteins on outer membrane
-
Treatment of N. gonorrhoea
- No vaccine
- Penicillin resistant
- Use ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, oflaxin
-
N. meningitidis
General Information
- Gram negative diplococci
- Enhanced growth in carbon dioxide
- Detected in blood or spinal fluid
- Aerosol transmission
-
Disease of N. meningitidis
- Red dots on skin
- Menengitis- High number of neutrophils in cerebral spinal fluid (acute bacterial meningitis)
- *Aseptic meningitis- will find lymphocytes (not neutrophils) in cerebral spinal fluid
- Transmission: person to person
-
N. meningitidis Virulence Factors
- Pilli
- Intracellular pathogen
- Endotoxin
-
Treatment of N. meningitidis
- Penicillin
- If on campus, treat roommates with prophylaxis rifampin
- Also quadravalent vaccine required at some schools
-
Distinguishing between N. gonorrhoea and N. meningitidis
- Oxidation Tests
- N. gonorrhoea oxidizes glucose
- N. meningitidis oxidizes glucose AND maltose
|
|