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Enterococci
General Information
- Colonic bacteria (commensal)
- Facultative Anaerobes
- Gamma Hemolytic (no clearing)
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Diseases of Enterococci
- Endocarditis, UTI
- Nosocomial infection
- Persist on hands, surfaces, fecal aerosols
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Enterococci Virulence Factors
- No potent toxin
- Cytolysin
- Ace adhisin- attach to collagen
- fsr gene
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fsr gene of Enterococci
- Encodes two proteases:
- 1. gelatinase (GelE)
- 2. Serine protease (SprE)
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Identification of Enterococci
- Survive on 40% bile salts, 6.5% NaCl
- Grow on bile esculin agar: metabolizes esculin to black medium (selective)
- Resistant to optochin (used to differentiate from Streptococcus)
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Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococci
- Vancomycin Resistance
- Have multiple genes that modify pathway of peptidoglycan synthesis (horizontally transferred)
- Treat with a combination of antibiotics
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