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What antiacid causes constipation?Diarrhea?
Aluminum
Magnesium?
- constipation--alumninum
- diarrhea-magnesium
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Aluminum produces what S/E?
hypophosphotemia
-
Magnesium produces what S/E?
- hypermagnesia
- loss of Deep Tendon Reflexes
-
How are the effects of constiption caused by Aluminum offset?
Magnesium
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What Histamine receptor increases Gastric Acid secretion?
H2
-
What Histamine receptor increases bronchial secretions and causes bronchoconstriction?
H1
-
What 2nd generation H1 histamine blockers dont have sedating effects?
- Loratadine
- Cetrizine
- Fexofenadine
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What H1 antagonist is used for motion sickness?
meclizine
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What H1 antagonist is an antianxiolytic?
Hydroxyzine
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1st generation of H1 blockers?
- Diphenhydramine
- Chlorpheniramine
- Promethazine
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H2 blockers used for hypersecretion of gastric acid end in what??
- dine
- cimetidine
- ramitadine
- fematadine
-
What are the inhibitors of cyt p450?
- HIV Protease inhibitors
- Ketoconazole
- Grapefruit juice
- Sulfanamides
- INH
- Cimetidine
-
What drugs produce gynecomastia?
- Spironolactone
- Digoxin
- Cimetidine
- chronic Etoh
- Ketoconazole
- Estrogen
-
What action decreases the effect of H2 receptor blockers?
smoking
-
Proton Pump inhibitors?
omeprazole
-
Triple Therapy for H.Pylori?
- metronidazole
- Tetracycline/amoxicillin
- Bismuth
-
PPI decrease bioavailability of drugs that need acidity such as?
-
MOA of Sucralfate/Bismuth?
protective shield over ulcer allowing alkalinization to occur---heals ulcers
-
MOA of misoprositol?
PGE analog--inhibits gastric acid secretion
-
What drug is used when ulcers are caused by NSAIDS?
Misoprositol
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Centrally inhibiting Dopamine agonist in teh CTZ(chemotaxic zone)?
Metoclopramide
-
4 Dopamine blockers used as antiemetics?
- Promethazine
- Haloperidol
- Chlorpromazine
- Metoclopramide
-
Adverse reaction of the dopamine blockers used for antiemetics??
EPS
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What drug blocks the labirynth-vestibular system as an antiemetic?
TO what family of drugs does it belong to?
- scopolamine (Hyoscine)
- Antimuscarinics
-
What antihistamine is used for motion sickness?
meclizine
-
What antihistamine drug is used for anxiety?
Hydroxyzine
-
5HT3 BLOCKERS end in what?
setron
-
-
What is used as 1st line drug for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?
-
Why are 5HT3 inhibitors used as first line drug for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?
bc large amounts of 5HT result from chemotherapy killed cells which stimulate the CTZ center
-
What chemicals stimulate CTZ?
-
What chemicals stimulate the lateral and medial zones of the hypothalamus?
- Leptin
- Dopamine
- 5HT
- LEptin
- Glucose
-
WHich drugs inhibit CTZ and GI emetic receptors?
Which receptors?
- Olandsetron
- Dalosetron
- 5HT3
-
Bc of the 5HT blocking action, what CNS symptom may occur?
- headache
- note:sumatriptan--a 5HT agonist decreases vessel permeability and used for headache,...so it makes sense that if you block it , you get headache
-
Abdominal cramps and dry mouth may occur with what anti-emetic?
-
Dronabinol(Cannabinoid) is used for what 2 purposes?
- anti-emetic
- Appetite stimulant in pts with anorexia and AIDS
-
Dronabinoid(Cannabinoid) MOA?
activate receptors that block pain receptors in the GI
-
MOA of Aprepitant?
Substance P/Neurokinin receptor antagonist
-
What are the 2 emetic drugs?
-
MOA of activated Charcoal?
large surface area absorbs toxins
-
Activated charcoal is not used for which substance?
-
S/E of Activated Charcoal?
Pulmonary Aspiration
-
MOA of Ipecac?
stimulates DA receptors in CTZ
-
-
MOA of Opiods?
- opens K channels
- closes Ca channels
- Inhibits ach, NE, 5HT release
-
-
MOA of opiod anti-diarrheals?
bind to mu receptors and decrease myenteric activity
-
Diphenoxylate is given with what drug to prevent abuse?
atropine
-
In addition to treating peptic ulcers by providing a protective cover to allow for bicarbonate release and re-establishment fo pH, this drug is used as an anti-diarrheal?
Bismuth Subsalicylate
-
Bulk forming laxative?
Psyllium
-
Hyperosmotic Laxative?
Lactulose
-
Polyethylene glycol and electrolyte is called?
Golytely
-
Stimulant laxative?
Bicasodyl
-
Stool Softener?
Docusate calcium
-
Compound which increases luminal pressure?
MgSO4
-
Laxative used for bowel cleansing before colonoscopy?
Golytely
-
Laxative used to decrease ammonia in patients with hepatic encephalopathy?
Lactulose
-
Why is castrol oil not used as a laxative?
bc of adverse effects
-
Anti-diarrheal for travelers diarrhea?
Bismuth
-
2 drugs with 5 asa for IBD?
-
Sulfasalazine is made up of what 2 chemicals?
sulfapyridine and 5-ASA
-
TNF blocker used for IBD?
Infliximab
-
2 TNF molecule antibodies?
-
Recombinant TNF receptor used to bind TNF in inflammatory condition?
Etanercept
-
5HT4 agonist for IBD?
Tegaserod
-
What drug works on constipation in women with IBD?
Tegaserod
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