-
Mallory-Weiss tears
from severe retching/vomiting
GI bleed and hematemesis
Rarely perforation
-
Candida infection of esophagus
-
HSV inclusions
"eggs in a basket"
infects esophagus, gu in immunocompromised people.
-
CMV inclusion in esophageal infection
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GERD
Hyperplasia of basal cells, mixed inflam cells, few eosinophils
Dx endoscopically
-
Eosinophilic esophagitis
more in males
dysphagia or food impaction (food sticks to esoph)
-
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Trachealization of esophagus
-
Barret's esophagus
Glandular tissue creeps up esophagus
Increased risk of cancer
-
Barrett's esophagus
bottom left is normal. top is dysplastic. hyperchromatic, stratified nuclei, little mucous production
-
Barrett's esophagus
High grade dysplagia
-
Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus (distal)
M>F, caucasians>others
-
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
(epithelial/glandular)
-
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- Very common world-wide
- M>F
- Inc risk with EtOH, tobacco, achalasia
-
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- No glands
- Basal, dark cell. Sometimes keratin forms.
-
Normal fundic stomach
V Pink parietal cells. Mucus cells
-
Normal antrum stomach
Lots of mucin glands
-
Helicobacterial gastritis
Curvilinear gram neg bacteria producing urease and toxin (CagA)
-
H. Pylori gastritis
Inflammatory cell infiltration
-
Autoimmune gastritis
Autoantibodies against parietal cells or intrinsic factor
Causes hypochlorhydria and anemia
-
-
-
Gastric Polyp. Fundic gland polyp.
-
-
Localized/intestinal Gastric Carcinoma
-
Diffuse infiltrating gastric carcinoma. More dangerous.
-
Intestinal type Gastric Carcinoma.
Gland formation
-
Diffuse infiltrating gastric carcinoma
Very differentiated. Signet ring cells all same, secrete mucin
-
Intestinal lymphoma with serosal nodules
-
GI lymphomas
Diffuse thickening of small bowel
-
GI lymphoma
Gastric MALT lymphoma. Invastion of glands
-
GI carcinoid tumor
Ball like nests.
- Look like carcinoma but less predictable behavior.
- Neuroendocrine cell tumor.
-
GI carcinoid tumor
Neuroendocine secreting tumor
monomorphic cells. glands don't secrete into duct, straight to blood. Membrane bound granules.
-
GIST
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
connective tissue mesenchyme tissue
-
GIST
Fleshy, firm tumor. Just bulges, no penetration.
-
GIST
Stains for C-kit or CD117
-
Celiac disease
Small intestine with villus atrophy. lots of lymphocyte infiltration.
-
Diffuse eosinophilic infiltrates in parasitic infection. (Ascaris and Strongyloides)
-
Schistosomiasis parasitic infection
-
Entamoeba histolytica parasitic infection
-
- Giardia lamblia
- Parasitic enterocolitis
-
Cryptosporidia parasitic infection
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