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Carrier State
The condition when hosts carry potentially pathogenic organisms, but do not show signs of the disease themselves.
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Chemotaxis
The property of attraction of the migration of cells towards a molecule (the chemotactic agent).
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Colonization
The introduction, and continued growth, of microorganisms on a particular body location.
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Commensalism
A biological relationship between two organisms where one species benefits but the second does not appear to benefit, but is not harmed nevertheless.
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Opportunistic Pathogen
An organism which is only capable of causing disease in a host under certain conditions, especially when the host defenses are compromised.
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Parasitism
The biological relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits at the expense of the second, which is harmed to some degree.
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Pathogen
An organism capable of causing a disease.
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Resident Microbial Flora
The organisms that may be expected to be found in a particular body site,
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Symbiosis
A biological relationship between two organisms where both organisms benefit by that relationship.
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Transient Microbial Flora
Organisms that may only temporarily be resident in a particular body site, but are not necessarily pathogens.
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True Pathogen
An organism that is always considered pathogenic at the site it was located, regardless of the immune status of the host.
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Virulence
The capability of an organism to cause disease.
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Virulence Factor
A specific characteristic or molecule, produced by a pathogen, that enhances that organism's ability to cause disease.
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